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1、2015年高考英语阅读理解题及答案(9套)Ourbrainsworkincomplexandstrangeways.Therearesomepeoplewhocancalculatethedayoftheweekforanygivendatein40,000years,butwhocannotaddtwoplustwo.Otherscanperformcomplexclassicalpianopiecesafterhearingthemonce,buttheycannotreadorwrite. Dr.J.LangdonDownfirstdescribedthisconditioni
2、n1887.Hecalledthesepeopleidiotsavants.Anidiotsavantisapersonwhohassignificantmentalimpairment(损伤),suchasinautism(孤独症，自闭症)orretardation.Atthesametime,thepersonalsoexhibitssomeextraordinaryskills,whichareunusualformostpeople.Theskillsofthesavantmayvaryfrombeingexceptionallygiftedinmusicorinmathema
3、tics,orhavingaphotographicmemory. Oneofthefirstdescriptionsofahumanwhocouldcalculatequicklywaswrittenin1789byDr.BenjaminRush,anAmericandoctor.Hispatient,ThomasFuller,wasbroughttoVirginiaasaslavein1724.IttookThomasonly90secondstoworkoutthatamanwhohaslived70years,17days,and12hourshaslived2,210,50
4、0,800seconds.Despitethisability,hediedin1790withouteverlearningtoreadorwrite. Anotheridiotsavantslavebecamefamousasapianistinthe1860s.BlindTomhadavocabularyofonly100words,butheplayed5,000musicalpiecesbeautifully. IntheexcellentmovieRainMan,madein1988andavailableonvideocassette,DustinHoffmanpla
5、ysanidiotsavantwhoamazeshisbrotherplayedbyTomCruise,withhisabilitytoperformcomplexcalculationsveryrapidly. Todaywemoreclearlyrecognizethattheidiotsavantisspecialbecauseofbrainimpairment.Yetnotallbrainimpairmentleadstosavantskills.Somestudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohavepurposefulinterruptionofthel
6、eftsideofthebraincandevelopidiotsavantskills.Howeverfewpeoplewishtoparticipateinsuchexperiments.Therearemanyexcellentreasonsfornotundergoingunnecessaryexperimentationonone'sbrain.Thetermidiotsavantisoutdatedandinappropriate.Virtuallyallsavantshaveahighdegreeofintelligenceandarethusnotidiots. 72
7、.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout? A.Idiotsavantshaveareasofoutstandingabilities. B.HumanBeingshavecomplicatedthinkingprocess. C.Thebrainsoftheidiotsavantsarepartlyimpaired. D.Thereasonswhypeoplehavewonderfulskillsvary.
