高中情态动词讲解及练习

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1、情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，可以表示“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”等之意。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。但不能单独作谓语动词用，必须和不带to的不定式连用构成谓语动词。只有情态动词ought要和带to的动词不定式连用，在句中作谓语用。一．can/beabletocan表客观的能力，beableto表通过主观的努力，能够……eg.HeisanativespeakerofEnglish,sohecanspeakEnglishwell.Thefirewasbig,but

2、hewasabletoescape.二．shall用于二、三人称表命令，警告，威胁。宣布法律，法规时用shall.eg.Thejudgedeclaredthatallthemoneyshallbelongtothewife.　—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?　—“Nopersonsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette，cigarorpipeinthisarea.”　A.willB.mayC.shallD.must三．1.should表推测时指确定或期

3、望，即合乎理想的情况或结果。It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jackshouldbehereatanymoment.2.should表“竟然”Howshouldhedolikethis?四.情态动词表推测。1.mustmaymight用于肯定句，语气减弱。can’tcouldn’t意为“不可能”，用于否定句，疑问句。不存在mustn’thavedoneeg.Hemustbeathome.Hemaygoout.Hecan’tbewatchingTv.Hecouldn’thavefinish

4、edthejobyesterday,forhewasbadlyill.2.couldhavedone本可以……（实际没有）16Hecouldhavebeenadmittedtothecollege,buthefailed.五．1.may表征求对方意见。MayIhavealookatit?2．表推测时may表不确定。eg.Thetrainmightleaveatsix,butI’mnotsure.3.may/mightaswell不妨……，不如……eg.Itisdarkandyoumayaswellst

5、ayhere.Sincetheflightwascancelled，youmightaswellgobytrain.六．情态动词+havedone1.should(not)havedoneought(not)tohavedone本应该做某事。eg.Youshouldhavecomehereearlier.Yououghtn’ttohaveeatentoomuch.2.musthavedone表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“一定做了某事”eg.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,

6、fortheroadwasquitemuddy.3.may/mighthave+过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如：4.couldn’thavedone/can’thavedone表示对已发生情况的否定推测,“不可能做了某事”eg.Timewaslimited,sohecouldn’thavefinishedthetask.Marymyletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.[A]could

7、n’thavereceived[B]oughttohavereceived[C]hasreceived[D]shouldn’thavereceived5.needn’thavedone“本没有必要做了某事”eg.Youneedn’thavetakenataxihere,foritwasneartoyourhouse.16needn’tdo“没必要去做某事”Youneedn’tgonow.Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty，wesoformally.[A]needn’td

8、ressup[B]didnotneedhavedressedup[C]didnotneeddressup[D]needn’thavedressedup七．can’tbetoocan’tneverbetooeg.Youcannotbetoocarefulwhenyoudriveacar.八．Itcouldn’tbebetter./Itcouln’tbeworse.(交际用语)Howdoyoufindtherestaurant?Itcouldn’tbebet