dssc中pvdfpmma基准固态电解质的制备与性能表征

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1、南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文摘要长期以来，在染料敏化太阳能电池中主要使用的是液态电解质。由于液态电解质存在不稳定、易挥发、易降解、密封难等缺点，使得染料敏化太阳能电池一直难以实用。用全固态电解质做出来的太阳能电池效率较低，准固态电解质成为是这一领域研究的热点。本文使用了锂离子电池中常用的准固态电解质的制备方法制备了聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）共混基准固态电解质。运用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FTIR）、四探针电导率测试、电化学工作站等手段，分析并测试了电解质的成分、微观形貌、电导率及伏

2、安曲线，并研究了PVDF和PMMA共混比例、丙三醇、纳米TiO2粒子等对于电解质性能的影响。最后，将几种聚合物薄膜电解质组装成染料敏化太阳能电池，测试其性能。研究结果表明：PVDF和PMMA的最优共混比例为6:4；丙三醇和纳米粒子的加入的提高了电解质的导电性能。其中丙三醇的加入使得电解质薄膜呈多孔结构，有利于电解质中离子的扩散，显著的提高了电解质的电导率。PVDF/PMMA/丙三醇（1500mg）基聚合物薄膜电解质组装的太阳能电池性能最好。开路电压为0.60V，短路电流为1.1mA。关键词：聚偏氟乙烯；聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯

3、；丙三醇；聚合物薄膜电解质。iDSSC中PVDF/PMMA基准固态电解质的制备与性能表征ABSTRACTLiquidelectrolyteswereusuallyusedinDye-sensitizedsolarcell(DSSC).However,liquidelectrolytescausedthedegradationofDSSCperformanceafterlong-termoperationduetotheirhighvolatilitiesandsolventlosses.Toovercomethesep

4、roblems,solidandquasi-solidelectrolyteshavebeeninvestigatedtoreplacetheliquidelectrolytes.SinceDSSCwithsolidelectrolytehaslowerconversionefficiencies,thequasi-solidelectrolyteshavebeenattractingintensiveattentions.Thequasi-solidelectrolytesbasedonPoly(vinylidene

5、fluoride)(PVDF)andPoly(methacrylate)(PMMA)werepreparedbythecommonpreparationmethodofelectrolyteinlithiumbatteryinthiswork.TheelectrolyteswerecharacterizedbymeansofFourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopy,ScanningElectronMicroscoperespectively.Moreover,theconductivit

6、yandthevoltage-currentcurvesoftheelectrolytesweremeasuredbyFour-probeMeasurementandelectrochemicalworkstation.TheeffectsoftheproportionofPVDFandPMMA,glycerol,nanometerTiO2particlesonthepropertiesoftheelectrolyteswerestudied.Furthermore,theelectrolyteswereassembl

7、edtofabricateDSSCandtheperformanceofthecellswastested.TheresultsindicatedthattheoptimumproportionofPVDFandPMMAwas6:4.AndtheadditionofglycerolornanometerTiO2particlesimprovedtheconductivityoftheelectrolyte.Theporousstructurepreparedwiththeadditionofglycerolwasben

8、eficialtoiondiffusionandthusenhancedtheconductivityoftheelectrolytes.Furthermore，itwasfoundthatthecellfabricatedbyusingPVDF/PMMA/glycerin(1500mg)electrolytepossessedt