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ID:32620171
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时间:2019-02-13
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1、启东市汇龙中学主备人:周红英审核人:吴惠平Apr.12,2017阅读完形专练一、阅读理解AHowdoesyourskinsmell?Prettywell,asitturnsout,thankstoreceptorsthatcanbefoundalloveryou.What’smore,theycouldhelpyouheal.Therearemorethan350typesofolfactory(嗅觉)receptorsinthenose,noticingdifferentscents.About150arealsofoundinbodyissuessuchasth
2、oseoftheheart,liverandgut(胃),buttheyarehardtostudy.HannsHatt’slabatRuhrUniversityBochuminGermanyfocusedonskin,whichiseasiertostudy,andtastedtheresponsetoscents(pleasantsmells)ofreceptorsinkeratinocytes(角质化细胞),themainskincelltype.TheyfoundthatanolfactoryreceptorinskincalledOR2AT4respond
3、toman-madesandalwood(檀香)perfumesandskincareproducts.Ratherthansendingamessagetothebrain,asnosereceptorsdo,thereceptorcausedcellstodivideandmigrate,importantprocessesinrepairingdamagedskin.Cellgrowthincreasedby32percentandcellmigrationbynearlyhalfwhenkeratinocytesinatesttubeweremixedfor
4、fivedayswithman-madesandalwood.“Thereisabigtrendtowardsolfactoryreceptorsbeingfoundelsewhereinthebodydoingotherjobs.”SaysJoelMainlandotheMonellChemicalSensesCenterinPhiladelphia.Soitisnotunexpectedtofindreceptorsinskin,butitisasurprisetolearnthattheyareinvolvedinwoundhealing.HattandMai
5、nlandbothcautionthattheseolfactoryreceptorsareveryfinelyadjusted,asisshownbytheirdistinguishingbetweenvariousman-madekindsofsandalwood.Andthereisgeneticvariabilityinhumanreceptors,soyourreceptormightbeabitdifferentfromyourneighbor’s.Itleavesopenthequestionofwhetherreceptorsmightdiffers
6、omuchbetweenindividualsthattheman-madesandalwoodthatbenefitsonepersonmightbeuselessorevenpoisonoustoanotherHattsaysthe150-200olfactoryreceptorsidentifiedintissueoutsidethenoserepresentanewfamilyoftargetsforexperimentsandnewopportunitiestotreatdisease.Treatmentsthathealwoundsandrepairth
7、eeffectsofageingintheskinarelikelytobetheeasiesttodevelop,hesays.Understandingreceptorsoninternal(insideyourbody)organsandcreatingbeneficialdrugsislikelytotakelonger.()1.WhatcanwelearnaboutOR2AT4?A.Itisakindofnosekeratinocyte.B.Itworkslikeanosereceptor.C.Itcanhelpdamagedskinrecover.D
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