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1、Chapter1Pre-RenaissanceBritishLiterature(.Angle-Saxon,Middleperiod)Majorknowledgepoints:A.OldEnglishLiterature(before1066):Beowulf《贝奥武甫』B.AgeLiterature(1066-1400):ChaucerandTheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事A.OldEnglishPeriod(before1066)HistoryCelticperiod(1800BC-55BC

2、)ArthurianlegendOraltradition:scoopsandgleemanRomanperiod(55BC-410AD)Anglo-Saxonperiod(410AD-1066)AllChristianizedattheendof7thcenturyCo-existenceofheathen/paganpoemsandreligiouspoemsChristianpoets:CaedmonandCynewulfLatinprose:TheEcclesiasticalHistotyoftheEng

3、lishPeople《英吉利教会史少byBedeKingAlfredtheGreatofWessexandhiscontributionAnglo-SaxonChronicle《盎格鲁■撒克逊编年史》BeowulfAnOldEnglishheroicepicpoemconsistingof3182alliterativelonglines,setinScandinavia,commonlycitedasoneofthemostimportantworksofAnglo-Saxonliterature・Itscom

4、positionbyananonymousAnglo-SaxonpoetisdatedbetweentheSthandtheearly11thcentury・I.StoryThebattlesofBeowulf,theSwedishhero,inyouthandoldageILGenre(Narrativeepic)RealisticreflectionoftribalsocietyHeroicexploits:semi-godhero,part-legendary,part-historicalAncientp

5、eople'smiseryandfeelingsanddesireAncientpeople'swayforgettingtopovertheuniversethroughimaginationIILVerseformAlliterativeverse头韵体诗(辅音押头韵)Alliterativeverseisaformofversethatusesalliterationastheprincipalstructuringdevicetounifylinesofpoetry,asopposedtootherdev

6、icessuchasrhyme.ThemostcommonlystudiedtraditionsofalliterativeversearethosefoundintheoldestliteratureofmanyGermaniclanguages.Thisisatechniqueinwhichthefirsthalfoftheline(thea-verse)islinkedtothesecondhalf(theb-verse)throughsimilarityininitialsound・ExamplesnOf

7、tScyldScefing\sceapena[)reatumnAlong-lineisdividedintotwohalf-lines.Half-linesarealsoknownasverses;thefirstiscalledthea-verse,thesecondtheb-verse.Aheavypauseseparatestheverses.Eachverseusuallyhastwostronglystressedsyllables.Thefirststressedsyllableintheb-ver

8、senearlyalwaysalliteratedwitheitherorbothstressedsyllablesinthea-verse.Thesecondstressedsyllableintheb-versedoesnotalliteratewiththestressedsyllablesinthea-verse.IV.FeaturesInterminglingo