fundamentals of polymer science:高分子科学基础

fundamentals of polymer science:高分子科学基础

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1、POLYMERSCIENCEFUNDAMENTALSOFPOLYMERSCIENCEThermalTransitionsinPolymersProf.PremamoyGhoshPolymerStudyCentre“Arghya”3,kabiMohitlalRoadP.P.Haltu,Kolkata-700078(21.09.2006)CONTENTSIntroductionGlasstransitionandMeltingTransitionMeltingPointorFirstOrderTransiti

2、onGlassTransitionorSecondOrderTransitionBrittlePointDevelopmentofCrystallinityinPolymersCrystalllizationofRubberonCoolingMechanismofCrystallizationStress-inducedCrystallizationofRubberMeltingofRubberPolymerSingleCrystalsStructureofBulkPolymersSpherulitesT

3、hermalAnalysisKeyWordsMorphology,crystallization,crystallinity,crystallinezones,crystallizability,glassystate,rubberystate,glasstransition,melting,firstordertransition,secondordertransition,brittlepoint,volumechange,specificvolume,polymersinglecrystals,sp

4、herulites,thermalanalysis,dilatometer,foldedchaintheory,stress-inducedcrystallization.Introduction:PolymerMorphologyTwodifferentstatesorformscanbeidentifiedinwhichapolymercandisplaythemechanicalorthermomechanicalpropertiesthatcanbeassociatedwithsolids,viz

5、.,theformofacrystalortheformofaglass.Itisnotreallythecasethatallpolymersareabletocrystallize.Asamatteroffact,ahighdegreeofmolecularsymmetryandmicrostructuralregularitywithinthepolymerchainsareaprerequisiteforcrystallizationtooccur.Eveninthosepolymers,whic

6、hdocrystallizeinanyrate,theultimatedegreeofcrystallinitydevelopedismostlylessthan100%.Studiesofphysicalform,arrangementandstructureofthemoleculesorthemolecularaggregatesofamaterialsystemrelatestowhatisknownasitsmorphology.Polymermorpho-logycoversthestudyo

7、fthearrangementofmacromoleculesoverthecrystalline,amorphousandtheoverlappingregionsandtheoverallphysicalclusteringofthemolecularaggregates.Whencooledfrom,themoltenstates,differentpolymersexhibitdifferenttendenciestocrystallizeatdifferentratesdependingonma

8、nyfactorsincludingprevailingphysicalconditions,chemicalnatureoftherepeatunitsandofthepolymerasawhole,theirmolecularorsegmentalsymmetryandstructuralregularityorirregularity,asreferredtoabove.Bulkypendentgroupsorchain

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