短碳纤维增强铝基复合材料的制备及性能研究

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1、兰州大学2007届颈士研究生学位论文摘要碳纤维增强复合材料是目前最先进的复合材料之一。它以其轻质高强，耐高温，抗腐蚀，力学性能优良等特点广泛用作结构材料及耐高温抗烧蚀材料。碳纤维增强铝基复合材料以其高的比强度、比刚度、轴向拉伸强度和耐磨性，优异的耐高温性能和低的热膨胀系数，良好的导电、导热性、抗疲劳性等优点在汽车，航天等领域有着广阔的应用前景。本论文采用粉末冶金的方法制备了致密度较好的短碳纤维增强铝基复合材料，对制备复合材料的关键工艺碳纤维的表面镀铜进行了优化，较好的解决了短碳纤维与基体的相容性问题。对复合材料进行了力学性能和摩擦磨损性

2、能的测试，测试结果如下；1．随着Cf体积分数增加，材料的致密度下降，硬度和抗拉强度呈现先增大后减小的规律。硬度最多可提高一倍之多，抗拉强度也比提高了80％以上。2．碳纤维增强铝基复合材料的主要磨损行为是塑性变形，而复合材料的磨损机制主要是粘着磨损和氧化磨损，并随着复合材料的成分不同，磨损的主要机制所占的比例也随之变化。关键词：粉末冶金，铝基复合材料，碳纤维，力学性能，摩擦学性能兰州大学2007届硕士研究生学位论文AbstractThecarbonfiberreinforcedcompositeisoneofpresentmostadva

3、ncedcomposites，Itexcelsinitslightquality,thermostable，thecorrosionresistance，excellentthermodynamicsperformanceandSOon．Thecharacteristicswidelys睨'veaSthestructuralmaterialtoanticipatethethermostableanti-ablatant．Becauseitshighspecificstrengthandrigidity,theaxiallongitudi

4、nalstrengthandtheresistancetowear,theoutstandingthermostableperformance，thelowthermal—expansioncoefficient,goodelectricconduction,thermalconductivityandfatigueresistancethecarbonfiberreinforcedaluminummatrixcompositehavethebroadapplicationinautomobile，astronautics，indust

5、riesetc．Inthisthesis，shortcarbonfiberreinforcedaluminummatrixcompositeswerepreparedbypowermetallurgytechnologyandthesampleshaveabetterdensity．Thetechnologyofcopper-platingtocarbonfibersurfaceswereoptimizedtoobtainasolutionsolvethecompatibilitybetweenshortcarbonfibersandm

6、atrixmartial．1f11emechanicalperformanceandIxibologicalbehaviorofthecompositewerealsodiscussed，themainresultsare鹊follows：1．Withtheincreasingofthereinforcedfibers，thecompactnessofcompositesdecreased，thehardnessandtensilestrengthofthecompositesincreasedatthebeginningandthen

7、decreasedwiththecontinuouslyincreasingofthereinforcedfibers．ThehardnessofthecompositeswasbeII兰州大学2007届硕士研究生学位论文twicemorethanbeforeheattreatmentandthetensilestrengthwasbeincreasedbyabout80％．2．ThemainwearbehavioroftheshortcarbonfiberreinforcedaluminummatrixcompositesWaspla

8、sticdeformation．Thewearmechanismsofthecompositesweremainlytheadhesivewearsandoxidativewears，theratiobet