testprep语法精解

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1、Testprep语法精解GrammarThefieldofgrammarishugeandcomplex--tomeshavebeenwrittenonthesubject.Thiscomplexityshouldbenosurprisesincegrammardealswiththeprocessofcommunication.GMATgrammartestsonlyasmallpartofstandardwrittenEnglish.Grammarcanbedividedintotwopart

2、s:MechanicsandUsage.Mechanicsconcernspunctuation,capitalization,etc.ItisnottestedontheGMATnearlyasoftenasisusage.Sodon’tspendtoomuchtimeworryingwhetherthecommaisintherightplaceorwhetheraparticularwordshouldbecapitalized.Usageconcernshowwechooseourword

3、sandhowweexpressourthoughts:inotherwords,aretheconnectionsbetweenthewordsinasentencelogicallysound,andaretheyexpressedinawaythatconformstostandardidiom?ThisisthepartofgrammarthattheGMATconcentrateson.Sixmajorcategoriesofusagearetested:PronounErrorsSub

4、ject-VerbAgreementMisplacedModifiersFaultyParallelismFaultyVerbTenseFaultyIdiomPRONOUNERRORSApronounisawordthatstandsforanoun,knownastheantecedentofthepronoun.Thekeypointfortheuseofpronounsisthis:pronounsmustagreewiththeirantecedentsinbothnumber(singu

5、larorplural)andperson(first,second,orthird).Example:Stevehasyettoreceivehisdegree.Here,thepronounhisreferstothenounSteve.Followingisalistofthemostcommonpronouns:PRONOUNSSingularPluralBothSingularandPluralI,mewe,usanyshe,hertheynonehe,himthemallitthese

6、mostanyonethosemoreeithersomewhoeachthatwhichmanyabothwhatnothingourselvesyouoneanyanothermanyeverythingfewmineseveralhis,hersothersthisthatReference?Apronounshouldbepluralwhenitreferstotwonounsjoinedbyand.Example:JaneandKatarinabelievetheypassedthefi

7、nalexam.ThepluralpronountheyreferstothecompoundsubjectJaneandKatarina.?Apronounshouldbesingularwhenitreferstotwonounsjoinedbyorornor.FaultyUsageNeitherJanenorKatarinabelievestheypassedthefinal.Correct:NeitherJanenorKatarinabelievesshepassedthefinal.?A

8、pronounshouldrefertooneandonlyonenounorcompoundnoun.ThisisprobablythemostcommonerrorontheGMAT.Ifapronounfollowstwonouns,itisoftenunclearwhichofthenounsthepronounrefersto.FaultyUsageThebreakupoftheSovietUnionhasleftnuclearweaponsinthehandsofuns