测试用例设计（白盒oo）ppt培训课件

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1、软件测试和质量保证OO测试用例设计本章要点以覆盖准则为切入点，讨论基于系统内部实现的测试方法基本路径测试覆盖准则基本控制流的测试基于数据流的测试基于程序变异的测试面向对象的测试面向对象的测试问题和失效模式OOTestDesignMethodScopeClassScopeFlattenedClassScopeClassScopeCoverageCriteriaOOTestingProblemsThehopeforreductioninOOTestingduetoreuseisillusoryInheritance,polymorphism,latebindingandencapsulationp

2、resentsomenewproblemsfortestcasedesign,testabilityandcoverageanalysisThetestmethodshouldbechangeeasilyaccordingtotheiterationandincrementoodevelopmentTestingactivitiesshouldberegardedasaprofessionaloodevelopmentEncapsulationAaccesscontrolmechanismpresentanobstacletotestingExampleInheritanceLSP子类应当可以

3、替换父类并出现在父类可以出现的任何地方类的扩展原则类的继承原则RelatedBugsIncorrectinitialization(supposeifsuper’sinitializationiswrong)inadvertentbinding(datamemberlifecycle)Missingoverride:copy,isEqualNakedaccess:subclassaccesstothesuperclassdatamemberwithoutstricklycontrolingSpaghettiinheritance:tooheavymultipleinheritanceandde

4、ephierarchies(>6)Naughtychildren:subclasseitherdoesnotacceptallmessagesthatsuperclassacceptsorleavestheobjectinastatethatisillegalinthesuperclassFatinterface:AsubclassinheritsmethodsthatareinappropriateorirrelevantOOBugHazardsTheinteractionofindividuallycorrectsuperclassandsubclassmethodscanbebuggy.

5、InteractionmustbesystematicallyexercisedOmittingasubclassoverrideforahigh-levelsuperclassmethodinadeepinheritancehierachyiseasySuperclasstestsuitesmustbererunonsubclassesandconstructedsothattheycanbereusedtotestanysubclassPoordesignofclasshierarchiessupportingdynamicbindingcanresultinfailuresofasubc

6、lasstoobservesuperclasscontractsAllbindingsmustbesystematicallyexercisedtorevealthesebugsOOBugHazardsThelossofintellectualcontrolthatresultfromspaghettipolymorphismisabugharzardAclientofapolymorphicservercanbeconsideredhavebeenadequatelytestedonlyifallserverbindingsthattheclientcangeneratehavebeenex

7、ercisedClasswithsequentialconstrainsonmethodactivationandtheirclientscanhavecontrolbugs.Subclassmayfailingtoobservestatemodelofsuperclass,sosubclassshouldbetestedinflattenedmodelDomainTestingTestStrat