西葫芦未授粉子房离体培养研究

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1、新疆农业大学硕士学位论文西葫芦未授粉子房离体培养研究姓名：葛志东申请学位级别：硕士专业：蔬菜学指导教师：伊鸿平;王惠林20090401西葫芦未授粉子房离体培养研究摘要以5个基因型的西葫芦品种为试材，进行未受粉子房离体培养。试验结表明：诱导的结果因基因型及培养基而异；黑暗热激处理对启动雌核发育有积极的作用，以35℃热激5天效果最佳；胚珠发育程度对再生植株诱导率的影响显著，以开花前一天再生植株诱导率最高，开花当天次之，开花前两天最低；植物生长调节剂对西葫芦胚状体发生是必要的，以3mg／L2,4一D+O．25mg／LNAA+Img／L6BA诱导效果最好。经胚胎学研究证明，西葫芦未受粉子房离

2、体培养经胚状体途径产生再生植株，胚状体发育起源于子房内壁，卵细胞或助细胞。用气孔保卫细胞叶绿记数法和染色体计数法对胚囊植株的倍性进行了鉴定，再生植株大多数是二倍体，其次是四倍体，少数为倍性不确定；只有基因型281的再生植株检测出了3株单倍体，占被检测该基因型再生植株的1．5％。对RO代植株性状观察表明：大多数二倍体再生植株与供体性状表现一致，个别植株的叶片、茎蔓颜色和子房的形态性状发生变异。单倍体与二倍体植株相比，生长缓慢，器官较小，雄花无花粉，雌花柱头畸形。关键词：西葫芦；未授粉子房；离体培养；雌核发育；再生植株Studyon／nvitroCultureofUnpollinated

3、OvaryofSummerSquash(CucurbitapepoL)AbstractInordertoobtainregeneratedplants(R0)fromembryosac，unpollinatedovariesof5genotypesofsummersquash(CucurbitapepoL．)werecultured／nvitro．Theresultsshowedthatinductivitywereinfluencedbygenotypeandculturemedium．Thedevelopmentdegreeofovulehasasignificantinflue

4、nceoninductionrateofregenerativeplants．Thehighestinductionrateofregenerativeplantswereobtainedfromtheovaryofonedaybeforeflowering，followedbythedayofflowering，thelowestisfromtwodaysbeforeflowering．Heatpretreatmentindarkhadanpositiverole，thebesttreatmentWasat35"Cfor5days．Amongthefactoraffectedemb

5、ryogenesis，phytohormoneWasindispensable，whileitWasthebestfortreatby3mg／L2，4一D+0．25mg／LNAA+Img／L6BA．EmbryologicresearchshowedthattheregeneratedEmbryoplantswasviaembryogenesis．Embryoidoriginedfromtheinneroverywall，ootidorsynergid．Countingofchromosomeofrootcellsandchloroplastinguardcellswereutiliz

6、edtoidentifyploidyofregeneratedplants．Theresultshowedthatmostofregeneratedplantsisdiploid，followedbytetraploidanduncertainedploidy．Threehiploidplantswereobtainedfrom‘281’only,isabout1．5％ofdetectedregeneratedplantsofthisgenotype．Theobservationofregeneratedplants(RO)indicatedthatmostoftheplants’c

7、haracterwereinaccordwithproviderandveryfewplantsshowedvariationinmorphologicalcharacterofleafandvinecolour,andovaryshape．Comparedhaploidplantswiththediploidplants，haploidplantsgrowslowly,andthesizeoforganissmaller,maleflowershaven