mit-science-lectures-divorce2_2004

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1、April13,2004DivorceIIRead:Arendell:TheSocialSelfasGendered:AMasculinistDiscourseofDivorceCherlin:GoingtoExtremes:FamilyStructure,Children’sWell-Being,andSocialScienceAmato:TheConsequencesofDivorceforAdultsandChildrenI.Divorceisamajor,ifnotthemajor,debateinresearchonthefamilyA.Espec

2、iallytheshort-termandlong-termeffectsofdivorceonchildrenB.BothCherlinandAmatoillustratethedifficultyoffindingcauseswhenlookingathumanbehavior1.Whatproducessomeofthesedifficulties?a.Multiplevariables,multiplepossiblesourcesofinfluence1)Forexample:followingdivorcethereisapatternofsom

3、elittleboys“actingout”andbeingveryaggressive2)Isitsimplyboys’basicaggressivity,andthemotherislesscapableofdealingwithitimmediatelyfollowingseparation,soshenoticesitmoreandithasmorenegativeconsequences?3)Isita“viciouscycleofcoercion”inwhichthemotherfacilitatesreproductionofthebehavi

4、or?4)Orissomeofitsociety-inducedinthesenseofseeingitthiswaya)Viewersofvideosoflittleboysjudgedtheboystobemorepathologicalwhenviewerswereinformedhewaschildofasinglemotherb)Suchideaspenetrate,permeateeverywherec)Andcanhaveaself-fulfillingprophecyeffect—onthemothers,forinstance25)Reme

5、mberthearticlethatshowedchildrenofdivorcedparentswhosemotherswereemployedcommentingonwantingmoreattentionfromtheirfathers?a)Thispossibilitydoesn’toccurtoanyoneuntilweaskb)Ourideologyleadsustofocusonmothersastheproblem,asnotprovidingenoughattentiontothechildb.Variablesthatinfluencee

6、achother1)Amato’spointthatmediatorscanbeviewedasoutcomesintheirownright(p.194)a)Impactofdivorceonsinglemothers’standardoflivingb)Butthedecliningstandardoflivingmighthaveconsequencesfortheirsenseoffinancialsecurity,children’snutrition,opportunitytoattendcollegec.Correlations(“associ

7、ations”)betweenvariables,butcauseandeffectdifficulttoascertain1)Forexample,familiesendingupindivorceshowahighertendencyto:a)Marryasteenagersb)Marrybecausewifewaspregnantc)Lessreligious2)Soperhapsthesearefactors—whichweretherefromtheverybeginning—thatproducetheconflictand/orproducet

8、hedifficultieschildrenhave