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1、DRAFTVERSIONMARCH17,2014PreprinttypesetusingLATEXstyleemulateapjv.04/17/13BICEP2II:EXPERIMENTANDTHREE-YEARDATASET1234562,7BICEP2COLLABORATION-P.A.R.ADE,R.W.AIKIN,M.AMIRI,D.BARKATS,S.J.BENTON,C.A.BISCHOFF,J.J.BOCK,2683779210J.A.BREVIK,I.BUDER,E.BULLOCK,G.DAVIS,P.K.D
2、AY,C.D.DOWELL,L.DUBAND,J.P.FILIPPINI,S.FLIESCHER,2332,71112,13,116S.R.GOLWALA,M.HALPERN,M.HASSELFIELD,S.R.HILDEBRANDT,G.C.HILTON,K.D.IRWIN,K.S.KARKARE,141412612,13157J.P.KAUFMAN,B.G.KEATING,S.A.KERNASOVSKIY,J.M.KOVAC,C.L.KUO,E.M.LEITCH,N.LLOMBART,257712,13,XX1410M.
3、LUEKER,C.B.NETTERFIELD,H.T.NGUYEN,R.O’BRIENT,R.W.OGBURNIV,A.ORLANDO,C.PRYKE,1161010,152151C.D.REINTSEMA,S.RICHTER,R.SCHWARZ,C.D.SHEEHY,Z.K.STANISZEWSKI,K.STORY,R.V.SUDIWALA,21276,157612,13G.P.TEPLY,J.E.TOLAN,A.D.TURNER,A.G.VIEREGG,P.WILSON,C.L.WONG,ANDK.W.YOONDraft
4、versionMarch17,2014ABSTRACTTheBICEP2instrumentwasdesignedtomeasurethepolarizationofthecosmicmicrowavebackground(CMB)onangularscalesof1to5degrees(`=40–200),neartheexpectedpeakoftheB-modepolarizationsignatureofprimordialgravitationalwavesfromcosmicinflation.MeasuringB
5、-modesrequiresdramaticim-provementsinsensitivitycombinedwithexquisitecontrolofsystematics.WehavebuiltonthesuccessfulstrategyofBICEP1,whichachievedthemostsensitivelimitonB-modesatthesescales.Thetelescopehada26cmapertureandcold,on-axis,refractiveoptics,anditobservedf
6、romathree-axismountattheSouthPole.BICEP2adoptedanewdetectordesigninwhichbeam-definingslotantennaarrayscoupletotransition-edgesensor(TES)bolometers,allfabricatedmonolithicallyonacommonsubstrate.BICEP2tookadvantageofthisdesign’sscalablefabricationandmultiplexedSQUIDre
7、adouttofieldmoredetectorsthanBICEP1,improv-ingmappingspeedbymorethanafactoroften.Inthispaperwereportonthedesignandperformanceoftheinstrumentandonthethree-yeardataset.BICEP2completedthreeyearsofobservationwith500detec-torsat150GHz.Afteroptimizationofdetectorandreadou
8、tparametersBpICEP2achievedaninstrumentnoiseequivalenttemperatureof17:0Ks,andthefulldatasetreachedStokesQandUmapdepthsof87.2nKinsquare-degreepixe