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1、TheStudyofSouthernSongDynastyOperatingtheCentralPlainsADissertationSubmittedtotheGraduateSchoolofHenanUniversityinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeofMasterofHistoryByXuChengyanSupervisor:Prof.ChengMinshengProf.JiaYuyingProf.MaYuchenDateMay,2013
2、I摘要南宋政权在建立之初，为生存而战，对金军的入侵予以反击。虽然在中原地区的抗金斗争得到广大爱国军民的积极支持和响应，但因南宋国力衰弱，措置失当，无以在中原立足，只能退居东南一隅，与金朝对峙。经过不断的较量，宋金实力趋于均势，双方签订和议结束战争，南宋得以修养生息，积蓄国力。作为北宋政权的延续，南宋与金朝有着不共戴天之仇，由于中原地区在南宋君臣心目中具有十分重要的地位，恢复中原，实现赵宋王室的中兴，是南宋朝野的共同愿望。南宋虽局蹙于东南一隅，历代君臣致力于整顿内政，发展社会经济，编练军队，提高军队素质，积蓄国力
3、，始终不忘恢复中原。同时南宋君臣时刻关注着金朝局势的发展变化，在金朝内外交困之时，适时调整国家战略，顺势而动，对金朝的侵略不仅予以坚决反击，还积极争取金朝国内的抗金义军和北方新兴的蒙古势力，联合各种力量打击金朝。这两种力量在南宋恢复中原的战略中发挥了各自的作用，抗金义军成为南宋牵制金朝军事进攻的重要力量，金朝则在宋蒙联合进攻下灭亡。在经历了亡国之痛、流寓到南方的北方移民试图在其寓居地重新构建故土形象，在南宋移民中形成了浓厚的中原情结，这种情结既是南宋人爱国热情的真实写照，也反应出南宋人对国力不济，无法收复中原的
4、无奈之情。关键词：南宋，中原，国力，移民IABSTRACTSouthernSongregimeinthebeginningoftheestablishment,inordertosurvivethewar,tofightbacktheinvasionoftheGoldenArmy.Althoughtheanti-goldintheCentralPlainsregionstruggletogettheactivesupportandresponseofthemajorityofpatrioticsoldiersa
5、ndcivilians,buttheSouthernSongDynastynationalstrength,weakness,renewmisconduct,noonlyrelegatedtothesoutheastcornertogainafootholdintheCentralPlains,theconfrontationwiththeJin.Aftercontinuouscontest,Songstrengthtendstobethebalanceofpower,signedbybothpartiesan
6、dthecloseofthewar,theSouthernSongDynastytothecultivationofinterest-earningsavingsnationalstrength.AsacontinuationoftheregimeoftheNorthernSongDynasty,SongandJinDynastyhasswornrevenge,duetohistoricalreasonsintheSouthernSongDynasty,rulingandoppositionpartiestof
7、ormastrongPatriotism,andtheCentralPlainsregionhasaveryimportantpositionintheeyesoftheSouthernProbeintotheWaysandrestoretheCentralPlains,CONSERVATORYroyalZTEisthecommonaspirationoftheSouthernSongDynastygovernmentandthepublic.SouthernSongDynastyBureauOrganisat
8、ioninthesoutheastcorneroftheancientmonarchandhiscommitmenttorectifyinternalaffairs,socio-economicdevelopment,andtrainingthearmedforces,improvethequalityofitsarmy,savingsandnationalstrength,alway
