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1、Copyright©2002O'Reilly&Associates,Inc.Allrightsreserved.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.PublishedbyO'Reilly&Associates,Inc.,1005GravensteinHighwayNorth,Sebastopol,CA95472.O'Reilly&Associatesbooksmaybepurchasedforeducational,business,orsalespromotionaluse.Onl
2、ineeditionsarealsoavailableformosttitles(http://).Formoreinformationcontactourcorporate/institutionalsalesdepartment:800-998-9938orcorporate@oreilly.com.NutshellHandbook,theNutshellHandbooklogo,andtheO'ReillylogoareregisteredtrademarksofO'Reilly&Associates,Inc
3、.Manyofthedesignationsusedbymanufacturersandsellerstodistinguishtheirproductsareclaimedastrademarks.Wherethosedesignationsappearinthisbook,andO'Reilly&Associates,Inc.wasawareofatrademarkclaim,thedesignationshavebeenprintedincapsorinitialcaps.Theassociationbetw
4、eentheimageofathirteen-linedgroundsquirrelandthetopicofHTTPisatrademarkofO'Reilly&Associates,Inc.Whileeveryprecautionhasbeentakeninthepreparationofthisbook,thepublisherandtheauthorsassumenoresponsibilityforerrorsoromissions,orfordamagesresultingfromtheuseofthe
5、informationcontainedherein.PrefaceTheHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP)istheprotocolprogramsusetocommunicateovertheWorldWideWeb.TherearemanyapplicationsofHTTP,butHTTPismostfamousfortwo-wayconversationbetweenwebbrowsersandwebservers.HTTPbeganasasimpleprotocol,soyo
6、umightthinktherereallyisn'tthatmuchtosayaboutit.Andyethereyoustand,withatwo-poundbookinyourhands.Ifyou'rewonderinghowwecouldhavewritten650pagesonHTTP,takealookattheTableofContents.Thisbookisn'tjustanHTTPheaderreferencemanual;it'saveritablebibleofwebarchitectur
7、e.Inthisbook,wetrytoteaseapartHTTP'sinterrelatedandoftenmisunderstoodrules,andweofferyouaseriesoftopic-basedchaptersthatexplainalltheaspectsofHTTP.Throughoutthebook,wearecarefultoexplainthe"why"ofHTTP,notjustthe"how."Andtosaveyoutimechasingreferences,weexplain
8、manyofthecriticalnon-HTTPtechnologiesthatarerequiredtomakeHTTPapplicationswork.Youcanfindthealphabeticalheaderreference(whichformsthebasisofmostconventionalHTTPtexts)inaconvenientl
