浅析《摩诃婆罗多》的伦理观

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1、摘要印度古代史诗《摩诃婆罗多》是印度教的经典，也是一部百科全书式的作品，对印度文化产生了深远的影响。研究《摩诃婆罗多》的伦理观，有助于加深对印度传统文化的认识，其中所蕴含的伦理智慧对现代伦理道德建设具有借鉴意义。正文共分为三个部分，分别探讨《摩诃婆罗多》的家庭伦理观、社会伦理观和自然伦理观。史诗通过对夫妻、亲子、兄弟等家庭成员之间关系的描写表现了家庭伦理，体现了古代印度人注重夫妻和睦、父慈子孝和兄友弟恭的家庭伦理纲常。作品通过对种姓制度、妇女地位和战争正义性等社会问题的反映表现了社会伦理观，包括宣扬正法思想和业报轮回观念，倡导善良、节制、宽容和善

2、待他人等社会道德原则，体现了追求平等与维护正义的社会伦理思想。在自然伦理方面，史诗倡导不杀生与护生行为，并通过大量的自然书写体现出保护自然、众生平等以及人与自然和谐相处的生态伦理智慧。《摩诃婆罗多》是一部触及人类各种伦理道德问题的警世之作，凝聚着古代印度人民的伦理意识及经验，现在仍具有鉴古知今的作用。关键词：《摩诃婆罗多》；家庭伦理观；社会伦理观；自然伦理观AbstractTheancientIndianepicMahabharataiSaclassicworkofHinduismandanencyclopediawhichhasprofound

3、influenceonIndianculture．ThestudyoftheethicsofMahabharatahelps如曲understandingofthetraditionalIndianculture．Thewisdomimpliedintheethicshasreferentialmeaningforthemodemethicalandmoralconstruction．Thebodyofthispaperconsistsofthreeparts，focusingonrespectivelythefamilyethics，theso

4、cialethicsandthenaturalethics．Intheepic，thedescriptionoftherelationshipsbetweenhusbandsandwives，parentsandchildrenandbrotherspresentstoUSthefamilyethics，indicatingthattheancientIndiansattachedgreatimportancetotheharmonybetweenhUSbandsandwives，thebenevolenceoffathersandpietyof

5、children,aswellastheamityandrespectbetweenbrothers．Byexploringintosocialissueslikethecastesystem，thestatusofwomenandthejusticeofWar,theworkdemonstratesthesocialethics，whichincludesthevenerationofdhaH／laandkarmaandretribution，theinitiationofkindness，moderationandtolerance，thus

6、expressingthesocialethicsofpursuitofequalityandpreservationofjustice．Intheaspectofthenaturalethics，theemphasisonahimsaandprotectionoflivingcreaturesandthelargeamountofnarrationaboutnatureintheepicreflectthewisdomofIndianecologicalethicsoftreatingallbeingsequallyandmaintaining

7、aharmoniousrelationshipwiththenature．Mahabharataisathought-provokingepic，touchinguponvariousproblemsofhumanethics．ItisanepitomeoftheethicawarenessandexperienceoftheancientIndianpeople，whichstillhassignificantilluminatingmeaningforthemodemsociety．Keywords：Mahabharata；familyeth

8、ics；socialethics；naturalethics目录4IIllllfl(rfllfllEIlllllrlllllllllll