white_paper_windows_nt_server_40_introduction_to_tcp_ipnew

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1、®WindowsNT®ServerServerOperatingSystemIntroductiontoTCP/IPWhitePaperAbstractMicrosoftWindowsNTversion4.0includesfeaturesandcomponentsforTransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol(TCP/IP)-basedconnectivity.TCP/IPisusedontheworldwideInternetandisalsowidelydeployedinprivatene

2、tworksrangingfromhomeofficestoenterprisenetworks.ThispaperisdesignedtoprovideabasicconceptualunderstandingofTCP/IPprotocolsandprocessestoaidintheconfiguration,deployment,andtroubleshootingoftheMicrosoftimplementationofTCP/IPinWindowsNTversion4.0.©1998MicrosoftCorporation.All

3、rightsreserved.TheinformationcontainedinthisdocumentrepresentsthecurrentviewofMicrosoftCorporationontheissuesdiscussedasofthedateofpublication.BecauseMicrosoftmustrespondtochangingmarketconditions,itshouldnotbeinterpretedtobeacommitmentonthepartofMicrosoft,andMicrosoftcannot

4、guaranteetheaccuracyofanyinformationpresentedafterthedateofpublication.ThisWhitePaperisforinformationalpurposesonly.MICROSOFTMAKESNOWARRANTIES,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,INTHISDOCUMENT.Microsoft,TheBackOfficelogo,Windows,andWindowsNTareeitherregisteredtrademarksortrademarksofMicrosoft

5、CorporationintheUnitedStatesand/orothercountries.Otherproductorcompanynamesmentionedhereinmaybethetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.MicrosoftCorporation•OneMicrosoftWay•Redmond,WA98052-6399•USA0998CONTENTSINTRODUCTION..........................................................

6、................1THETCP/IPPROTOCOLSUITE...................................................2MicrosoftTCP/IP2TCP/IPStandards2TCP/IPPROTOCOLARCHITECTURE..........................................5NetworkInterfaceLayer5InternetLayer5TransportLayer5ApplicationLayer6TCP/IPCoreProto

7、cols7IP7ARP8ICMP8IGMP9TCP11UDP12TCP/IPApplicationInterfaces13WindowsSocketsInterface14NetBIOSInterface14IPADDRESSING........................................................................16AddressClasses16ClassA17ClassB17ClassC17ClassD17ClassE17NetworkIDGuidelines18HostIDGu

8、idelines18SubnetsandSubnetMasks19SubnetMasks20DeterminingtheNetworkID21Subn