unix 课件new

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1、四、UNIX环境下的C程序设计1.UNIX下的C编程工具（GNU）2.基本的C程序设计过程3.Howtowriteamakefile4.DebugaCprogramwithgdb5.UNIX环境下的基本C程序设计1)FileI/O2)Fileanddirectory3)Allocatedynamicmemory4)TimeandDate5)Stringhandling6)CreateCLibrary7)ProcessControl1.UNIX下的C编程工具（GNU）gccGNUprojectCan

2、dC++compilermakeGNUmakeutilitytomaintaingroupsofprogramsgdbTheGNUdebuggerautoconfautomakeAnalyzetheperformanceofCprogramlibtool———————————————————strace......getstatgprofindent>>Csourcefiles==>excutablefile==>vihello.ccathello.c#includemain()

3、{printf(“HelloSJTU!”);}==>gcchello.cgcchello.c-ohellols./helloa.outhello.cHelloSJTU!==>./a.outHelloSJTU!>>gccgcc-g-omy_proghello.cgcc[options]infile...-c——Createlinkableobjectfileforeachsourcefile,butdonotcalllinker.-ofilename——Specifyoutputfileasfi

4、le.Defaultisa.out.-xlanguage——Expectinputfiletobewritteninlanguage(c,c++,assenbl-v——Verbosemode.Displaycommandsastheyareexecuted,gccversionnumber,andpreprocessorversionnumber.-S——Compilesourcefilesintoassemblercode,butdonotassembl-E——Preprocessthesour

5、cefiles,butdonotcompile.-O[level]——Optimize.levelshouldbe1,2,3,or0.Thedefaultis1.0turnsoffoptimization;3optimizes-g——Includedebugginginformationforusewithgdb.......[root@localhost~]#gcc--helpUsage:gcc[options]file...Options:-pass-exit-codesExitwithhig

6、hesterrorcodefromaphase--helpDisplaythisinformation--target-helpDisplaytargetspecificcommandlineoptions(Use'-v--help'todisplaycommandlineoptionsofsub-processes)-dumpspecsDisplayallofthebuiltinspecstrings-dumpversionDisplaytheversionofthecompiler-dumpm

7、achineDisplaythecompiler'stargetprocessorOptiontypes:==>mangccCLanguageOptionsC++LanguageOptionsWarningOptionsDebuggingOptionOptimizationOptionsPreprocessorOptionsAssemblerOptionsLinkerOptionsDirectoryOptionsTargetOptionsMachineDependentOptionsCodeGen

8、erationOptions……>>makeandmakefilemakeutility——determineautomaticallywhichpiecesofalargeprogramneedtoberecompiledandissuethecommandsmaketorecompilethemmakecleanBydefault,whenmakelooksforthemakefile,ittriesthefollowingnames,inorder:`GNUmakefile'