英美概况—英国历代君王及大事简介1

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1、ChronologyofBritishGovernmentMonarchDateofRuleDeedsEventsCommentsGermanic/ScandinavianRuleAlfredtheGreat871-8991.Defeated“Danlaw”expansion®ainedland2.establishednavyandgarrison3.introductionofChristanitytoDames,firstpublicschoolsfornobledescendancesandmagistrates4.Anglo-SaxonChronicleAnglo-Saxo

2、nWessexlineEdwardtheelderAnglo-SaxonWessexline;SontoAlfredAthelstanAnglo-SaxonWessexline;SontoEdwardEdgarthePeaceful959-975Anglo-SaxonWessexlineEthelredtheUnready978`1016InvadedEnglandAnglo-SaxonWessexline;SweynForkbeard,KingofDenmarkCanute1016-10351.chosenaskingbyWitan;2.UnitedEngland,DenmarkandN

3、orway.ScandinavianConquerorEdwardtheConfessor1042-10661.facilitatedtheNormanConquer;2.NormanfeudalsystemadoptedSonofEthelredtheUnreadyHaroldGodwinson1066defeatedNorwegiansEarlofWessexNormanFrenchRuleWilliamI1066-10875-stepstostrengthenreigninEngland:1.crushedallresistance,builtcastlesforprotection

4、2.brokeupSaxonearldomsestablishedcentralizedroyalgovernment.3.vicomtes4.sloventroyaltreasury,royalcoinage5.alliedwithRomanCatholicChurch1.defeatedHaroldandcrownedWilliamIatWestminsterAbbeyonDec.25,1066WilliamtheConqueror,FrenchdukeconnectedtotheWessexLinewhofavoredbyEdwardtheConfessorWilliamII1087

5、-1100MurduredWilliamRufus,2ndsontoWilliamIHenryI1100-1135AlteredtherelationshipbetweenKingandhisfollowers:1.chosebishops2.acceptedmoneyfromBaronsinsteadofmilitaryservice-exchequer3rdsonofWilliamIStephen&Maud1135-11541.20-yearsofcivilwarandanarchy;2.agreementtoStephen’sruleandHenryII’ssuccession.St

6、ephen:GrandsontoWilliamI;Matilda:DaughtertoHenryIAngevinFrench–PlantagenentsHenryII1154-11891.reformoflegislativesystem2.claimedvastterritoriesinFranceandIrelandthroughvariousfamilyconnections;3.alteredtherelationshipsbetweensecularandreligiousSontoMaudauthorities-murderedofThomasBecket/failureinr

7、eformingcanonlaw;4.invadedandestablishedEnglishkingdominIreland.RichardI1189-11991.ThreeCrusadesforcontrolofholysitesintheNearEast;2.imprisonedbyChristanalliesforransom3.foughtinFranceOldestsurvingsonofHenryII;Ri