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《Osprey,.Men-at-Arms.#145.-.The.Wars.of.the.Roses.(1983).(-).OCR.8.12》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、oses•Ilt/YJuetlollTheciviLwarsknownastheWarsoftheRoseswerefoughtbetweenYorkshireandLancashire,identifiedbywhiteandredrosesrespectively,andLastedthirtybLoodyyears,inflictinggreatdamagetotheLandanditspeopLeandkillingsomarryofthearistocracythatanewnobiLityhadtobecreat
2、edinthereignofHemyVIIagoodkingwhobroughtpeaceandprosperitytohiskingdom,unlikehispredecessor,theusurperRichardllI,whostoLethethronebydeceitandfouLmurders.Onthebattlefieldsthelongbowreignedsupreme,whiLetheknightsandmen-at-armswaddledaroundencasedentirelyincumbersomep
3、latearmour,orrodegreathorsesaLsowearingplatearmour.familiarstoryperhaps:yetcontainingnotawordoftruth.Inthe16thcenturyEnglishhistorywasrewrittentopleaeHenryTudor,oratleasttoavoidhisdispleasure,andtoassistinsettlingtheTudordynatyfirmlyonthethroneaftertheturmoiloftheW
4、arsoftheRoses.Consequently,anumberofEdwardIV,KingofEngland1461-83,wonthethronewiththepopularbutquiteerroneousbeliefsaboutthesewarsaidoftheDukeofWarwick,whotnhelaterkilledinbattle.HehadHenryVImurderedinprisoninthesatneyear.Edward'ssurvivetothisday.Beforeventuringint
5、oageneraltnoralsweredubious,histnarriagedisreputable,andhissummaryofthewars,Ishouldliketodealwiththegreedinordinate.HegainedfinancialindependencefrotnParliatnentbyabriefFrenchwarin1475,whichbroughtinanmisconceptionsoutlinedintheopeningparagraph.annualsubsidythereaf
6、terof20,000crownsfrotnLouisXI.Acivilwarisoneinwhichmenfightandkilltheir(NationalPortraitGallery)countrymen,andinthisrespecttheWarsoftheRosesmightproperlybecalledacivilwar.ButtheseovertheCouncilandthroughittogovernthewarswereinrealityadynasticstrugglebetweenthecount
7、ry.housesofYorkandLancaster,andinvolvedonlyThusthewarswerefoughtbythegreatbarons,thearistocraticfamiliesofthesehousesandtheirparticularlythefeuding'Marcher'baronsofthefollowers.Ratherthanacivilwar,thesecampaigns.borderregions,withtheaidoftheirprivatearmies.represen
8、tedaprolongedstruggleforpowerbetweenTosomeextentatleasttheydifferedfromothertwopoliticalparties,bothofwhichacceptedthewarsoftheera,civilorinterna
