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ID:34619082
大小:3.03 MB
页数:66页
时间:2019-03-08
《中间相沥青基泡沫炭制备及性能的研究》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、大连理工大学硕士学位论文摘要科学技术的进步和发展,对现代材料提出了更为苛刻的要求。近年来,泡沫炭作为一种新型炭材料由于耐高温、耐腐蚀、密度小、抗氧化、较好的机械强度、隔热性能好等优良性能,引起国内外学者的广泛关注。本文围绕中间相沥青基泡沫炭的制备及性能进行研究。内容包括研究中间相沥青基泡沫炭的制备和性能,探讨不同工艺条件对孔泡结构性能的影响。结合沥青的性质、实验现象和各种表征手段获得的信息对泡沫炭的发泡机理进行了初步讨论,并对制备沥青基泡沫炭的原料提出了选择依据。实验中采用三种方法制备泡沫炭,即:自发泡法、发泡剂(淀粉)辅助发泡法及改质中间相沥青(添加Fe('N03)3)
2、发泡法。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TG)以及红外光谱(瓜)等手段进行分析。实验结果表明:沥毒质、甲苯不溶物、饱和分、芳香分和胶质的含量是选择适宜原料制备泡沫炭的一个重要依据;在高压反应釜中,以中间相沥青为原料,采用本实验方法制备出孔泡数量多、孔壁薄的泡沫炭是可行的;发泡剂(淀粉)和添加剂(硝酸铁)有助于改善泡沫炭的结构性能,使得泡沫炭的孔泡数量变多、孔径变小;磷酸盐处理过的泡沫炭增强了它的抗氧化性能,提高了在空气中的使用温度。关键词:中间相沥青;制备;泡沫炭;孔泡结构:抗氧化性中间相沥青基泡沫炭的肯B备及性能研究Thepreparati
3、onandpropertiesofmesophasepitch·basedcarbonfoamAbstractW曲thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,materialswithhighperformancearerequired..Recently.calbonfoamsbecomeattractiveformanyaerospaceandindustrialapplications,duetotheirhighthermalconductivity,lowthermalexpansioncoefficient,lowdensity,
4、openporosityandchemicalresistanceInthispaperthepreparationandpropertiesofcarbonfoamsfrommesophasepitchaleaddressed.Threemethodsforpreparationofcarbonfoamsareadoptedinthispaper,i.epitchself-foamingprocess;starch-assistedfoamingprocessandmesophasepitchfoamingprocessmodifiedbyFe(N03)3.Ithasb
5、eenfoundthatthecellstructureofcarbonfoamspreparedwiththepitchself-foamingprocessandthemesophasepitchfo枷ngprocessmodifiedbyFefN03bismoreideal,thanthoseobtainedusingthestarch-assistedfoamingprocess.Onbasisoftheexperimentalresults,theinfluenceofprocessparameters013cellstructureofcarbonfoamsi
6、sdiSCUSSed.Theproductsarecharacterizedusingscanningdectronmicroscopy(SEre0,thermalgravity(TG),X-raydiffractiontechnique(Ⅺm),andIRspectroscopy.Atthesametime,NOxanalyzerisusedforanalyzingthedecompositionbehaviorofFe(N03)3mixedwithandwithoutmesophasepitch.Theresuksalsoshowthatmesophasepkchwi
7、t}1asuitablecompositionisagoodprecursorformakingcarbonfoamsItispossibletopreparecarbonfoamswithhighperformanceandlowcostusingthemethodsadoptedinthispaper.Comparedwiththepitchself-foamingprocess,thestarch-assistedfoamingprocessandthemesophasepitchfoamingprocessmodifi
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