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1、SocialForces,UniversityofNorthCarolinaPressBureaucraticStructureandPersonalityAuthor(s):RobertK.MertonSource:SocialForces,Vol.18,No.4(May,1940),pp.560-568Publishedby:OxfordUniversityPressStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/2570634.Accessed:11/07/201309:39YouruseoftheJSTORar
2、chiveindicatesyouracceptanceoftheTerms&ConditionsofUse,availableat.http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp.JSTORisanot-for-profitservicethathelpsscholars,researchers,andstudentsdiscover,use,andbuilduponawiderangeofcontentinatrusteddigitalarchive.Weuseinformati
3、ontechnologyandtoolstoincreaseproductivityandfacilitatenewformsofscholarship.FormoreinformationaboutJSTOR,pleasecontactsupport@jstor.org..OxfordUniversityPressandSocialForces,UniversityofNorthCarolinaPressarecollaboratingwithJSTORtodigitize,preserveandextendaccesstoSocialForc
4、es.http://www.jstor.orgThiscontentdownloadedfrom219.219.125.69onThu,11Jul201309:39:12AMAllusesubjecttoJSTORTermsandConditionsGOVERNMENT,POLITICS,CITIZENSHIPaContributionstothisDepartmentwillincludematcrialofthrcekindsi(I)originaldiscussion,.suggcstion,plans,programsandtheorie
5、s;(2)reportsofspecialprojects,workingprograms,conferencesandmeetings,andprogressinanydistinctiveaspecttheoffield;(3)specialresultsofstudyandresearch.BUREAUCRATICSTRUCTUREANDPERSONALITYROBERTK.MERTONTulaneUniversityAFORMAL,rationallyorganizedthedistributionofauthoritywithinthe
6、socialstructureinvolvesclearlysystem,servestominimizefrictionbydefinedpatternsofactivityinlargelyrestricting(official)contacttowhich,ideally,everyseriesofactionsismodeswhicharepreviouslydefinedbythefunctionallyrelatedtothepurposesoftherulesoftheorganization.Readycal-organizat
7、ion.'Insuchanorganizationculabilityofothers'behaviorandastablethereisintegratedaseriesofoffices,ofsetofmutualexpectationsisthusbuiltup.hierarchizedstatuses,inwhichinhereaMoreover,formalityfacilitatestheinter-numberofobligationsandprivilegesactionoftheoccupantsofofficesdespite
8、closelydefinedbylimitedandspecifictheir(possiblyhostile)privateattit
