资源描述：
《Synthetic Resins and Plastics.pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、15SyntheticResinsandPlasticsRudolphD.Deanin*andJoeyL.Mead**INTRODUCTIONnitrateandmoldeditintobilliardballs,andlaterintocombs,brushes,andotherusefulDefinitionarticles.CommercialsyntheticplasticsPlastic(adj.)isdefinedbyWebsterasbeganin1908whenLeoBaekeland
2、reacted"capableofbeingmoldedormodeled(e.g.,phenol,formaldehyde,andwoodflourandclay)...capableofbeingdeformedcontinu•moldedthemintoelectricalinsulatorsandaouslyandpermanentlyinanydirectiongrowingvarietyofotherproductspecialties.withoutrupture."Plastic(n.
3、)inmodernindus•Duringthenext30years,avarietyoftrycovershigh-molecular-weightorganicplasticsappearedasinterestingspecialties.compoundsthatcanbeformedintoanyDuringWorldWarIItheU.S.andGermandesiredshapeandthensolidifiedintoausefulgovernmentsmettheseveredem
4、andsofproductthatcanwithstandthemechanicaladvancedmilitarytechnologybysupportingstressesnormallyappliedtoit.vastresearch,development,plantconstruc•tion,andmanufacturingofanumberofmajorpolymersforplasticsandrubberHistoryapplications.WiththeendofthewarinC
5、ommercialplasticsbeganin1868when1945,allofthistechnologyandproductionJohnandIsaiahHyattplasticizedcellulosecapacityconvertedtocivilianproducts,andcommodityplasticsbegantheirtremendousgrowth,firstpolyvinylchlorideand*Professor,PlasticsEngineeringDepartme
6、nt,Universitypolystyrene,thenpolyethylenes,polypropy•ofMassachusettsatLowell.(SectionsonCommerciallene,polyesters,andpolyurethanes,alongPlasticMaterials;PlasticsProcessing.)withaconstantlyexpandingrangeofmore**AssociateProfessor,PlasticsEngineeringDepar
7、tment,UniversityofMassachusettsatLowell.(SectiononspecializedpolymersformoredemandingPolymerChemistry.)applications.623624KENTANDRIEGEL'SHANDBOOKOFINDUSTRIALCHEMISTRYANDBIOTECHNOLOGYAdvantagesofPlasticsoverAllcanbeformulatedtoawiderangeofConventionalMat
8、erialstranslucencytoopacity.Wehavehadconventionalstructuralmaterials-metals,ceramics,glass,wood,ColorandAppearance.Mostconventionalleather,textiles,paper-forthousandsofmaterialshaveaverylimitedcolorrange,andyears,duringwhichtimew
