The Elements of Programming Style.pdf

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1、TheElementsofProgrammingStyleThefollowingrulesofprogrammingstyleareexcerptedfromthebookTheElementsofProgrammingStyle"byKernighanandPlauger,publishedbyMcGrawHill.Hereisquotefromthebook:ToparaphraseanobservationinTheElementsofStylebyStrunkandWhite,ther

2、ulesofprogrammingstyle,likethoseofEnglish,aresometimesbroken,evenbythebestwriters.Whenaruleisbroken,however,youwillusuallyndintheprogramsomecompensatingmerit,attainedatthecostoftheviolation.Unlessyouarecertainofdoingaswell,youwillprobablydobesttofollo

3、wtherules."1.Writeclearly{don'tbetooclever.2.Saywhatyoumean,simplyanddirectly.3.Uselibraryfunctionswheneverfeasible.4.Avoidtoomanytemporaryvariables.5.Writeclearly{don'tsacriceclarityforeciency."6.Letthemachinedothedirtywork.7.Replacerepetitiveexpre

4、ssionsbycallstocommonfunctions.8.Parenthesizetoavoidambiguity.9.Choosevariablenamesthatwon'tbeconfused.10.Avoidunnecessarybranches.11.Ifalogicalexpressionishardtounderstand,trytransformingit.12.Chooseadatarepresentationthatmakestheprogramsimple.13.Writ

5、erstineasy-to-understandpseudolanguage;thentranslateintowhateverlanguageyouhavetouse.14.Modularize.Useproceduresandfunctions.15.Avoidgotoscompletelyifyoucankeeptheprogramreadable.16.Don'tpatchbadcode{rewriteit.17.Writeandtestabigprograminsmallpieces.1

6、8.Userecursiveproceduresforrecursively-deneddatastructures.19.Testinputforplausibilityandvalidity.20.Makesureinputdoesn'tviolatethelimitsoftheprogram.21.Terminateinputbyend-of-lemarker,notbycount.22.Identifybadinput;recoverifpossible.23.Makeinputeasy

7、toprepareandoutputself-explanatory.24.Useuniforminputformats.25.Makeinputeasytoproofread.26.Useself-identifyinginput.Allowdefaults.Echobothonoutput.27.Makesureallvariableareinitializedbeforeuse.28.Don'tstopatonebug.29.Usedebuggingcompilers.30.watchoutf

8、oro-by-oneerrors.31.Takecaretobranchtherightwayonequality.32.Becarefulifaloopexitstothesameplacefromthemiddleandthebottom.33.Makesureyourcodedoesothing"gracefully.34.Testprogramsattheirboundaryvalues.35.Checksomeanswersbyhand.236.10.