物理词汇(英文版)

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1、力force重力gravity摩擦力friction拉力traction质量mass惯量Inertia加速度acceleration力矩torque静止atrest相对relative能量energy动能keneticenergy势能potentialenergy功work动量momentum角动量angularmomentum能量守恒energyconservation保守力conservedforce振动vibration振幅amplitude驻波standingwave震荡oscillation相干波coherentwa

2、ve干涉interferenee衍射diffraction轨道obital速度velocity速率speed大小magnitude方向direction水平horizontal竖直vertical相互垂直perpendicular坐标coordinate直角坐标系cersiancoordinatesystem极坐标系polarcoordinatesystem弹簧spring球体sphere环loop盘型disc圆柱形cylinder频率frequency电学磁学：电子electron电荷charge电流current电场ele

3、ctricfield电通量electricflux电势electircpotential导体conductor电介质dieletric绝缘体insultalor电阻resistor电阻率resistivity电容capacitor无穷infinite横截面crossection匀强电场uniformelectricfield分布ditribution磁场magneticfield磁通最magneticflux电感inductance变压器transformer周期period电磁波electomagneticwave平面pla

4、ne执学•八、、•热平衡thermalequilibrium理想气体idealgas热能thermalenergy热最heat热容heatcapacity外界surrounding准静态过程quasi-staticprocess这几个比较容易搞混我就经常搞混等体过程isochoricprocess等压过程isobaricprocess等温过程isothermalprocess绝热过程adiabaticprocess循环cycle周期period光学光light光程opticalpath光强度lightintensity偏振po

5、larization波长wavelength传播propagation量子力学（高中好像讲了一点点）原子atomic光子photon光电效应photo-electriceffect物质波matterwave光谱spectrum激光laser衰减decay辐射radiation械振动mechanicalvibration简谐振动simpleharmonicoscillation频率ferquency赫兹hertz单摆simplependulum受迫振动forcedvibration共振resonnance机械波mechanica

6、lwave介质medium横波transversewave纵波Iongitudinalwave波长wavelength超声波supersonicwave阿伏加德罗常数Avogadroconstant布朗运动Brownmation热运动thermalmotion热力学能thermalenergy内能internalenergy热力学第一定律firstlawofthermodynamics振幅amplitude能量守恒定律lawofconservationofenergy热力学第二定律secondlawofthermodynami

7、cs各向同性isotropy各向异性anisotropy单晶体singlecrystal（monocrystal）多晶体ploycrystal表面张力surfacetension毛细现象capillarity液晶liquidcrystal电荷electriccharge电荷量queantitydfelectricity正电荷positivecharg负电荷negativecharg库仑定律Coulomblaw静电感应electrostaticinduction元电荷elementarycharge电荷守恒定律lawofcons

8、ervationofcharge库仑（电荷单位）coulomb电场electricfileld电场强度electricfieldstrength电场线electricpotential电势electricpotential电势差/电压electricpotentialdiff