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1、-考研英语（二）历年翻译真题2007年真题Poweringthegreatongoingchangesofourtimeistheriseofhumancreativityasthedefiningfeatureofeconomiclife.Creativityhascometobevalued,becausenewtechnologies,newindustriesandnewwealthflowfromit.Andasaresult,ourlivesandsocietyhavebeguntoechowithcreativeide
2、as.Itisourcommitmenttocreativityinitsvarieddimensionsthatformstheunderlyingspiritofourage.Creativityisessentialtothewayweliveandworktoday,andinmanysensesalwayshasbeen.Thebigadvancesinstandardofliving—nottomentionthebigcompetitiveadvantagesinthemarketplace—alwayshavecom
3、efrom“betterrecipes,notjustmorecooking.”Onemightarguethat’snotstrictlytrue.Onemightpointout,forinstance,thatduringthelongperiodfromtheearlydaysontheIndustrialRevolutiontomoderntimes,muchofthegrowthinproductivityandmaterialwealthintheindustrialnationscamenotjustfromcrea
4、tiveinventionslikethesteamengine,butfromthewidespreadapplicationof“cookinginquantity”--businessmethodslikemassivedivisionoflabor,concentrationofassets,verticalintegrationandeconomiesofscale.Butthosemethodsthemselveswerecreativedevelopments.2008年真题 Theterm“businessmodel
5、”firstcameintowidespreadusewiththeinventionofpersonalcomputerandthespreadsheet(空白表格程序).Beforethespreadsheet,businessplanningusuallymeantproducingasingleforecast.Atbest,youdidalittlesensitivityanalysisaroundtheprojection.Thespreadsheetusheredinamuchmoreanalyticapproacht
6、oplanningbecauseeverymajorlineitemcouldbepulledapart,itscomponentsandsubcomponentsanalyzedandtested.Youcouldaskwhatifquestionsaboutthecriticalassumptionsonwhichyourbusinessdepended-forexample,whatifcustomersaremoreprice-sensitivethanwethought?-andwithafewkeystrokes,you
7、couldseehowany--changewouldplayoutoneveryaspectofthewhole.Inotherwords,youcouldmodelthebehaviorofabusiness.Beforethecomputerchangedthenatureofbusinessplanning,mostsuccessfulbusinessmodelswerecreatedmorebyaccidentthanbyelaboratedesign.Byenablingcompaniestotietheirmarket
8、placeinsightsmuchmoretightlytotheresultingeconomics,spreadsheetmadeitpossibletomodelbusinessbeforetheywerelaunched.20
