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1、Unit1IDENTIFYPEOPLEANDTHINGS一、非谓语动词概述1.什么是谓语动词？什么是非谓语动词？谓语动词：在句子中充当谓语的动词非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语动词外的成分。2.非谓语动词在句子中的作用一个句子中已存在一个主句（含谓语动词），又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。eg.Shegotoffthebus,butshe________(leave)herhandbagontheseat.Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbago
2、ntheseat.3.非谓语动词的种类：不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词、过去分词）leftleaving4.非谓语动词的三种最基本形式：todo:doing:done:5.非谓语动词的各种形式：tododoing定语表将来；状语表目的、结果主动、进行被动、完成todotobedone(被动式)tobedoing(进行式)tohavedone(完成式)tohavebeendone(完成被动式)doingbeingdone(被动式)havingdone(完成式)havingbeendone(完成被动式)done只有一种形式注意：
3、否定时一律将not放于非谓语动词前。二、非谓语动词的用法比较（一）非谓语动词语法功能比较主谓宾表定状补todo不定式doing动名词doing现在分词done过去分词√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√（二）不定式(todo)与动名词(doing)作主语的区别1.todo表某一具体动作，doing表习惯动作或抽象概念。eg._________(swim)isagoodformofexercise._________(swim)thisafternoonsoundsgood.2.都可以用it作形式主语构成相应句型。不定式用it
4、作形式主语：Itisadj./n.(for/ofsb.)todosth.动名词用it作形式主语：Itisnouse/gooddoingsth.Itisawasteoftimedoingsth.其他需做区分的句型：There’snosense/point(in)doingsth.There’snodoingthat…There’snoneed(forsb.)todosth.SwimmingToswim（三）不定式(todo)与动名词(doing)作宾语的区别1.绝大多数动词后跟不定式(todo)做宾语如：decide,dete
5、rmine,want,expect，wish,hope,agree,refuse，manage,offer,pretend,promise等。2.只跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词：mepsckarfi妹不吃咖啡mind,miss(错过)，mention，enjoy，escape,practise,postpone(推迟),permit,suggest,stand(bear,tolerate),consider(考虑)，keep,avoid,admit,advise,allow,appreciate,risk,resist
6、(抵制),recommend，finish,forbid(禁止),imagine。还有：dislikedelay,understand,quit,deny(否认)。注意：1)allow/permit/advise/recommenddoing，但allow/permit/advise/recommendsb.todo2)forbiddoing，但forbidsb.todo或forbidsb.fromdoing3.可跟不定式(todo)也可跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词1）意义有区别：meantrystopgoonreme
7、mberforgetcan’thelpregretasifonly注意：asif和only并非动词，但在这里一起进行了归纳。2）意义无区别：continuetodo/doing,starttodo/doing,begintodo/doingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoingtododoing4.不定式(todo)作宾语后有补语时，常用it作形式宾语。常见结构：think/believe/consid
8、er/find/feel/+it+adj./n.+todoeg.我认为有必要向老师求助。Ithinkitnecessarytoasktheteacherforhelp.我觉得帮助别人是我的职责。Ifeelitmydutytohelpothers.（四）非谓语动词作表语的区别1.不定式(to
