chapter8英语翻译方法技巧

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1、吴宜涛2013/5Chapter8Inversion倒置法Inversionimpliesanecessarychangeofwordordertoconformtothegoodusageinthetargetlanguage.Besidesdifferencesofwordorderinsentencestructures,logicalsequencesofthinking,sayingandwritingbetweenthetwolanguagesmaydiffer,whichisespeciallytrueoflo

2、ngsentences.Contents词组或短语的词序定语的词序定语与名词的词序前置序列定语定语从句句子结构InversionofWordOrderinTranslatingWord-GroupsorPhrasesFourcardinalpoints:north,south,east,andwest.Northeast,northwest,southeast,southwestMenandwomen,youngandold;sistersandbrothersSoonerorlater;richandpoor;lossan

3、dgainEnglishChineseNarrowerrange—>widerrangeWiderrange—>narrowerrangeLessimportant—>moreimportantMoreimportant—>lessimportantweaker—>strongerstronger—>weakerExamples:无地和少地的农民peasantswhohavelittleornoland中小企业smallandmedium-sizedenterprises我们并不认为，他们必须或者应当采取我们的做法。Wedo

4、notmaintainthattheyshouldormustadoptourway.InversionofWordOrderinTranslatingAttributesInvertthewordorderoftheattributiveandthenounconsulgeneral总领事court-martial军事法庭GodAlmighty万能的神（上帝）InvertthewordorderintranslatingaseriesofattributivemodifiersbeforeanounShewasaninte

5、lligent,attractiveandsomewhattemperamentaldaughterofawell-to-dodoctorinHaddington.她是哈丁顿一位富裕医生的女儿，有才华，又迷人，但有点脾气。TheorderinmultipleattributionGeneralprincipleforplacingseveralattributivemodifiersbeforeanounPositionofAdjectiveClausesInEnglish,adjectiveclausesaredivide

6、dintotwokinds:restrictiveandnon-restrictive.Theseareallplacedafterthenountheymodify.Intranslation,however,theyaretreatedindifferentways.1.Restrictiveadjectiveclauseswhichconfinethemeaningsofnounsusuallyprecedethenounstheymodifytomaketheexpressionscloselyconnectedin

7、structureiftheyarenotverylong.Objectsthatdonottransferlightcauseshadows.不透光的物体会造成阴影。Mostofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinthehistorybooksaregreatconquerorsandgeneralsandsoldiers,whereasthepeoplewhoreallyhelpedcivilizationforwardareoftennevermentioneda

8、tall.历史书上出现得最频繁和最为显耀的人物大多是一些伟大的征服者、将军和士兵，而那些真正推动文明前进的人却往往名不见经传。2.Adjectiveclauseswhichonlyhavedescriptiveorsupplementaryfunctionforthenounspreced