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1、重庆大学博士学位论文RL-2生物絮凝剂的研制及絮凝机理研究姓名：罗平申请学位级别：博士专业：环境工程指导教师：罗固源20051001重庆大学博士学位论文6中但不溶于有机溶剂中；用粘度法测得该絮凝剂的平均分子量为3.64×10Da（道尔顿）。与无机及有机高分子絮凝剂对高岭土悬液的絮凝活性相比，性能优，用量少。（5）絮凝剂结构分析、Zeta电位测定及氢键和离子键检测结果表明，絮凝剂和高岭土之间的结合力为氢键，絮凝过程存在架桥作用，其絮凝机理为：絮凝剂和高岭土颗粒在絮凝剂的活性部位以氢键结合，然后再经过“架桥”作用絮凝沉2+淀。Ca在絮凝过程中主要起压缩颗粒双电层，吸附电中
2、和，降低动电势的作用。该絮凝剂性能优异的原因在于分子链上分布着羟基、羧基等较多的极性基团，且极性基团在分子链上分布均匀，分子量大，絮凝剂分子容易与胶体颗粒结合，更重要的是RL-2具有糖链结构，分子链伸展良好，增加了絮凝剂分子的有效长度。（6）RL-2菌产生的生物絮凝剂能够有效的絮凝处理各种实际废水，尤其适用于食品和发酵行业的絮凝提纯过程。试验结果表明，对含有有机悬浮物的味精废水的絮凝效果好，既可以获得副产品：饲料添加剂，又可减少企业排污量。关键词：微生物絮凝剂，菌种鉴定，絮凝作用，物质结构，絮凝机理，实际应用II英文摘要ABSTRACTAtpresent,theflo
3、cculatingmechanismsofmicrobialflocculantshavenotbeenstudiedindetail,onlyputforwardsomehypotheses,forexample,adhesionhypothesis,esterificationtheory,extracellularfibertheoryandbridgingtheory.Sotherearemanyflocculant-producingstrains,andcomplicatecomponantandconstructionoftheflocculant,wi
4、ththesameobjectofstudy,differentbioflocculantshavedifferentflocculatingmechanism.Thekeyresearchofthispaperaretheflocculatingperformanceresearch,flocculation,andtheflocculatingmechanismaswellasactualapplication,thefollowingworkshavebeenmainlycarriedoutinthisresearch.（1）4strainsproducedbi
5、oflocculants(RL-2,NH-4,RT-4andNL-3)werescreenedfromsoilandactivatedsludgesamples.Furtheroptimizationselection,aflocculant-producingstrainBacillussp.RL-2withhighflocculatingactivitywasisolatedfromtheactivatedsludgeofthewastewatertreatmentplantinChongqing.indicatedthatRL-2strainproducesfl
6、occulantperformancemostexcellent,itisidentifiedasBacillusbrivesbasedonitscolonycharacter，morphologicalandphysiologicalcharacteristics,usingthepartial16SrRNAsequencingmethod.Thebioflocculantwasreleasedintotheculturebrothinparallelwithcellgrowth,andtheflocculantmaindistributedinthebroth,o
7、nlyalittleadheredintheinterfaceofcell.Thissuggeststhatthebioflocculantwasproducedbybiosynthesisandsecreteextracellularbiopolymericflocculant.（2）Fortheraisingflocculatingactivity,Theoptimumconditionsforproducingflocculantweresetup.Thefavourablesubstrateandcultureconditionforfloc
