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1、广西师范大学硕士学位论文近代广西城乡关系变迁研究姓名：方连英申请学位级别：硕士专业：中国近现代史指导教师：谭肇毅20060401桂系通过受过训练的乡村基层干部和专业技术人员推行改造农村的政治、经济、文化、卫生等方面措施，培养农民的民主参政意识，改良了农村社会风俗，农村教育卫生事业得到初步开展。然而，大量农村人口进城，使乡土色彩浓厚的宗法制度在并未完全确立现代化社会形态的城市中继续发生影响。近代半殖民地半封建社会性质土壤里成长起来的城乡关系很大程度上是外来力量输入和牵动的结果。它具有先天不足，后天失调的特征，其本身消除城乡间对立关系的能力是极其微弱的，因而具有进步
2、意义城乡间经济联系得到日益加强的同时城乡间的对立亦日趋加剧。城市一方面延续并强化对农村剥削的传统手段，另一方面利用工农产品之间的价格剪刀差剥削广大农民，使城乡差距不断拉大，乡村精英流失，教育资源城市化。考察近代广西城乡关系变迁过程及其特点，总结历史经验，有助于我们对现代化进程中城乡关系问题的认识和理解，为今天协调城乡发展，缩小城乡差距，建设和谐广西社会提供历史借鉴。关键词：近代广西城市乡村城乡关系庵彩即铌尤謦IIThestudyofchangeinrelationbetweentheurbanandruralinmodernGuangxiAbstract：Mod
3、ernageago,becauseofthelimitedproductivityofagriculture,feudalautocraticauthoritarianpoliticalsystem,Confucianism,thedominantculturestatus，therelationsbetweenurbanandruralinGuangxiwassimilarinnaturetotheNational's,fromeconomicbasetosuperstructure,theywere"undifferentiatedunity."Asthew
4、heelofhistoryforwardtothe19thcentury1980sand1990s,GuangxiLongzhou,Wuzhou,Nanninghadbeenuptotheoutsideworldandtherapidroseinthevolumeofimportandexportgoods,foreigntradedevelopedsteadily.Intheroleofinternalandexternalfactors,Guangxiurban,ruralandrelationsbetweenurbanandruralbeganchangi
5、ngqualitatively.Withmodernindustryandcommercerising,fournewlyeconomicbackboneindustriesemergedonurban.Fourcentralcities—Wuzhou,Nanning,Liuzhou,Guilinhadsomebasisinmodernbusinessby1949.Citycouldprovidemorelivelihoodopportunitiesthaninruralareasbecauseoftheriseofmodernbusiness,thenattr
6、actingpeasantscametomakealiving,urbanpopulationincreased,atthesametime,changesinthestructureofurbanpopulation,businessmen,smallartisans,workersandintellectualsbecamethemainurbancommunity.Economicdevelopmentandpopulationgrowthpromptedtherulingauthoritiestobuildurbanpublicfacilities,de
7、velopculturalandeducationalundertakingsandotherpublicutilities.Theprogressofurbanpublicutilitiesandeducationforurbansanitationcausingmorecharm,andtheseimprovedthequalityofurbanresidents.Townbyasinglefunctionofthemilitary-dominatedturnedtoamaineconomymultifunctionaltype.Functionaldive
8、rsityintheci
