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1、农业环境科学学报2008,27(5):1820-1825JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience多功能固沙保水剂性能及其效果的研究张建峰1,杨俊诚1,张夫道1,姜慧敏1,刘秀梅2,王玉军1,张骏1(1.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081;2.江西省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,江西南昌330220)摘要:采用液相化学方法,微乳化、高剪切和非均相混聚技术,以风化煤和废弃塑料为主要原料,研制了集提供养分、固沙保水、改良土壤、修复荒漠化土壤作用于一体的3种多功能固沙保水剂,通过试验研究,优化出一组固沙保水剂。结果表明,该固沙保水剂的胶团粒径为20~6
2、0nm,固结层抗压强度为5.30~16.10MPa,抗冻融性能和耐老化性能良好,在风速15m·min-1和25m·min-1连续吹30min、在风速30m·min-1吹5min均未见起尘及风蚀现象,抗风蚀性能显著。关键词:风化煤;非均相混聚;固沙保水;抗风蚀中图分类号:S157.2文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-2043(2008)05-1820-06CharacteristicsEvaluationoftheMultifunctionalSand-fixingandWater-maintainingPolymerZHANGJian-feng1,YANGJun-cheng1,ZHAN
3、GFu-dao1,JIANGHui-min1,LIUXiu-mei2,WANGYu-jun1,ZHANGJun1(1.InstituteofAgriculturalResourcesandRegionalPlanning,theChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081,China;2.SoilandFertilizerInstitute,JiangxiAcademyofAgriculturalScience,Nanchang330200,China)Abstract:Desertificationoflandsisoneoft
4、hemostseriousecologicalproblemsinChina.Threematuremethods,namelyengineeringsand-fixing,biologicalsand-fixingandchemicalsand-fixing,canbeappliedtocontrolandrecoverthedesert.Formertwonotonlytaketimeandeffortbutalsocapitalintensive.Therefore,chemicalapproachesaimatsand-fixing,water-maintainingandnu
5、triments-offeringhavebeenanalternateoption.Inthispaper,threetypesofmultifunctionalsand-fixingandwater-maintainingpolyme(rhumus-plasticpolymer,plastic-starchpolymerandair-slakecoalpolymer),whichcouldprovidenutriments,fixsand,preservewater,remediatesoilandrecoverdesert,weremadefromtheair-slakecoal
6、andtheabandonedplasticsbyliquidchemicalmethod,emulsification,highvelocitycuttingmethodandmixinginnon-homogeneoussolution.Thecharacteristicsofthepolymerssuchasparticlesizedistribution,viscosity,anti-pressintension,freeze-thawcapacity,agingcapacityandanti-windycapacitywasanalyzedtoselectonepolymer
7、withexcellentsand-fixingandwater-maintainingcharacters.Theresultsindicatedthatallthreetypesofpolymernotonlydecreasedwaterevaporationundernovegetation,forexample,in15daysthecontrolevaporated99.8%,whilethreetypespolymerevapora
