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1、NetworksofBiological SignalingPathways信号传递网络康海岐高方远马欣荣一、生物体内的信号传递1.Thesenseofsignaltransduction：intercelluarinformationexchange,regulationofmetobolism,onbodylevel2.Typeofsignals：neuroregulation:neurotransmitter(乙酰胆碱,胺类氨基酸,调节肽类等),neuroregulatorchemicalsignals：cAMP,Ca2+,hormone，3.Mechanisms:3.
2、1pr.←→pr.,3.2Ereaction(±p)3.3Eactivity3.4pr.degradation3.5intracelluarmessager3.6secondermessagerEcell一、生物体内的信号传递4.Signalingpathways：4.1Ca2+4.2cAMP4.3tyrosinekinase:EGFR,insulinR4.4otherpr.kinasecascade:PKC,PKA,PKG4.5intracelluarproteasecascadeSignaltransmissionoccur:i.Pr.—pr.Interactionii.
3、Enzymaticreaction:±piii.Pr.Degradationiiii.Productionofintracellularmessager一、生物体内的信号传递5.cytoplasmmembranereceptor：5.1neurotransmitter-dependentionchannel(依赖神经递质的离子通道)：nAChR(烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体)GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)GlyR(甘氨酸受体)5.2receptorconnectingtosignaltransductionprotein(G,Nprotein→secondmessenger→activate
4、E.):mAChR(毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体)adrenergicα-,β-receptor(肾上腺素能α-,β-受体)5.3growthfactorreceptor(tyrosinekinaseactivity)：PDGFR(血小板衍生的生长因子受体)，EGFR(表皮生长因子受体)，insulinR(胰岛素受体)PeptideSignalinginPlantsPNAS,Nov.6,2001,vol.98no.23Inplants,onlyafewpeptidehavebeenidentifiedthatactassignalingmolecules.Incontrast,sig
5、nalingpeptidesaremajorplayersinallaspectsofthelifecycleinanimalsandyeast.suggeststhatsignalingmechanismsacrosstheeukaryotickingdomarefundamentallydifferent.目前有关植物中信号肽的研究主要基于以下5种：番茄systeminPSKENOD40CLV3SCR18aa10-13aa72-75aa53-55aa2.最近分离到另外3种活性信号肽：RALF:rapidalkalinizationfactor,5kd;Tobaccosys
6、temin:TobsysI,TobsysII1）tomatosystemin:由食草动物损伤后引起的系统损伤反应(asystemicwoundingresponse)在悬浮培养细胞中可以激活促细胞分裂蛋白激酶[mitogen-activatedprotein(MAP)kinase]并诱导培养基地碱化(alkalinization)诱导蛋白酶抑制蛋白编码基因的表达(induceexpressionofproteinase-inhibitorprotein-encodinggenes)3.功能：2）tobaccosysteminTobIandTobII:激活MAPkinase，但
7、不诱导蛋白酶抑制蛋白编码基因的表达3）RALF(rapidalkalinizatonfactor):激活MAPkinase，但不诱导蛋白酶抑制蛋白编码基因的表达;快速引起medium碱化Fromthefollowingssupporttheideathatpeptideandnonpeptidehormone-activatedsignalingcascadesarelinkedinplantsastheyareinanimals:植物生长素类似5－羟色胺，乙烯类似一氧化碳，油菜素类固醇是类固醇，茉莉酮
