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1、EQUIPMENTMANUFACTURINGTECHNOLOGYDEVELOPMENTOFTHETECHNOLOGYOFTHEMANUFACTURINGOFTHIN-WALLEDSPHERICALTANKSN.I.BasovandM.G.SkakunovUDC621.642.3.038+622.692.23;665.6Atthepresenttime,themostwidelyusedmethodforthestorageoflargeamountsofpetroleumistheirstora
2、geinverticalcylindricaltanks,calculatedforaresidualpressureto0.04MPa.Sincethelimitingvaporpressureofamajorityofcommercialpetroleumproductsreaches0.1MPa,cylindricalverticaltanks,cal-culatedforapressurenotgreaterthan0.04MPa,permitconsiderablelossesofpe
3、troleumproducts(mainlythemostvaluablefractions).Anotherconstructionofvessels,assuringareductionofthelosseswiththestorageofpetroleumpro-ductsandeasilyvaporizableliquids,orliquidswhoseinternalpressureisduetotechnologicalrequirements,canbearound(spheric
4、al)tank.Inthiscase,asphericaltankisoptimalfromthepointofViewofstaticworkforwithstandingtheinternalworkingpressurewiththestorageofvaporizingliquids.Underthesecircum-stances,thetowratioofsurfacetovolumeofthetankincomparisonwithothertypesoftanksnotonlya
5、ssuresn~linimallossesduetovaporization,butisanimportantfactorinachievingthelowstspecificconsumptionofsteelper1m3ofvolume,whichresultsingoodcostindicesforsuchtanks.Thetransitiontoconstructionsoftankswithahighcapacityincomparisonwithhorizontalcylindric
6、al(stationary)tanksleadstoadecreaseinthenumberofvessels,andenablesaconsiderablereductionofoperatingexpenditures,whichisparticularlysignificantwiththeorganizationofthestorageoflargeamountsofpetroleumproductsinonetankfarm.However,thetechnologyofthemanu
7、factureofsphericaltanksfortheabovepurposesisratherlabor-intensive.Atthepresenttime,severalmethodsareusedforthemanufactureofelementsoftheshell:hotandcoldstamping,coldrolling,theexplosionmethod,andothers.Theexpansionoftheuseofsphericaltanksdependstoala
8、rgedegreeonimprovementofthetechniquesandtechnologyofthefactorymanufactureofsphericalbillets,aswellasontheimprovementofmethodsandequipmentinthestageoferectionandwelding.Theconsiderableshortcomingsinthetechnologyofmanufac-tureanderectionconsiderablylow
