图式理论在英语听力教学中的运用

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1、图式理论在英语听力教学中的运用贡溪中学杨仙玲【摘要】图式是大脑为了便于信息储存和处理，而将新事物与已有知识，经历有机结合起来的一种知识表征形式，是相互关联的知识构成的完整的信息系统。在听力理解过程中，图式为吸收篇章信息提供心理框架，有助于对材料的编辑与总结，有助于合理分配注意力，有助于预测和猜测，从而提高学生对语言信息进行解码的正确率，有效地提高英语听力教学。关键词：图式；图式理论；听力教学；听力理解Schemaisacharacteristicforminthebrain,whichisconvenientfo

2、rinformationaccumulationandmanagement.Itisacompleteinformationsystem constructedbyassociatedinformation.DuringEnglishlisteningcomprehension,schemaprovidesideationalscaffoldingtoassimilateinformation,andcontributestoeditthecontext.Itcanhelpstudentsdistributeat

3、tentionrationally,predictandguess.Theuseofschemacanraisetherateofstudents’correctlisteningcomprehension,improvingthequalityofEnglishlisteningteachinggreatly.Keywords:Schema;SchemaTheory;listeningteaching;ListeningcomprehensionInreality,listeningisthemostimpor

4、tantwaytogetinformation.SinceEnglishlisteningcomprehensionbecameatypeofcollegeentranceexaminationfrom2001inChina,ithasgotmostofteachers’andstudents’attentions.Butmostmiddleschoolsdidnotsetupareallisteningclassduetolackoftheoryguidanceandpracticeexperiences.Ma

5、nyteachers9justadoptatraditionalmode:broadcasttape—fulfillexercise—checkanswers,sometimeevenhavenoexplanations.Thistypeofteachinghaslowefficiencyandstudentslearnlittle.Themaintaskoflisteningteachingshouldbehelpstudentsimprovetheirlistening，speakingandundersta

6、ndingabilitiesofEnglish.Theaimoflisteningclassistodevelopratherthantestlisteningstrategiesandskills.So,howtoteachEnglishlisteningbecomesaproblemverydifficulttosolveforEnglishteachers.Theviewpointsofschematheorygetholdofmanyscholastics’identificationandarewide

7、lyusedinteaching,especiallyinEnglishlistening,readingandwriting.一．ThedefinitionofschematheoryNow,mostexpertsconsiderthatschematheoryisacharacteristicformofinformationinbrain,whichisconvenientforinformationaccumulationandmanagement.Itbandsnewandpriorinformatio

8、nandexperiencetogether.Itisacompleteinformationsystemconstructedbyassociatedknowledge.J.Mandler(1979)considersschemaascognitivestructurewhichconstitutedbyslotsanddefaultvalues.Slotsrefert