山核桃投产林林下套种绿肥效应

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1、●-．—LJ■I_J■J】‘doi：10．3969／j．issn．1000-8101．2011．03．024山核桃投产林林下套种绿肥效应余琳，陈军，陈丽娟，程建斌，吴家森，夏国华(1．浙江省淳安县林业局，浙江淳安311700；2．浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院)摘要：为增加山核桃投产林林下植被覆盖度、提高林地水土保持效果，增加土壤肥力，2008-2009年开展了山核桃林下套种1年生黑麦草、多年生黑麦草、白三叶、红三叶以及紫花苜蓿等5种绿肥，对其生物量、土壤有机质、林下昆虫多样性、果实产量和品质的影响进行研究(清耕为对照)。结果表明：(1)林下套种绿肥显著增加林下植被生物量，以1年生黑麦

2、草效果为好，鲜质量和干质量分别达到55000和9420kg／hm，套种白三叶使土壤有机质增加了2．3g／kg；(2)林下套种绿肥有利于增加害虫天敌数量和减少害虫密度，其中主要害虫山核桃蚜虫、山核桃花蕾蛆等害虫密度分别降低了57．14％和36．45％；(3)林下套种绿肥显著提高山核桃产量，套种平均产量为821．55kg／hm，较对照增加l2．46％，套种后果品品质也明显提高；(4)综合评价5种套种绿肥的效果后认为，山核桃林下以套种白三叶、1年生黑麦草和多年生黑麦草较好。关键词：山核桃投产林；绿肥；套种效应Effectofinterplantationofgreenmanurevariet

3、iesonyieldofhickoryforests／／YuLin，CHENJun，CHENLi-juan，CHENGJian—bin，wUJia—sen，XIAGuo—huaAbstract：Toincreaseundergrowthvegetationcoverageofyieldinghickoryforestsandtoimprovesoilandwaterconservationandsoilfertility．anexperimentwasconductedtostudytheeffectofinterplantationofdifferentgreenmanurevari

4、eties，in—cludingLoliummuhiflorum，Lperenne，Trifoliume，pmte~e，andMedicagosativa，onthebiomass，soilorganicmatter，diversityofinsect，yieldandqualityofhickory．Theresultsshowedthatinterplantationofgreenmanurevarietiessignificantlyincreasedthebiomassofundergrowthvegetationandsoilfertility．Thefleshweighta

5、nddryweightofLmulti-florumWasreachedto55000and9420kg／hm，respectively，whenitWasplantedunderthehickoryforests．Soilo~aniematterwasincreasedby2．3g／kgwhenTrifoliumrepe璐wasplantedintheforest．Interplantationofgreenmanurevarietieswasbeneficialtoincreasenaturalenemiesandtodecreasepestdensity，andthedensit

6、iesforKurisakiasinocaryaeandCont—arinaisp．werereducedby57．14％and36．45％，respectively．Interplantationofgreenmanuresignificantlyincreasedtheyieldofhickory，andtheaverageyieldof821．55ks／hmwithinterplantationofgreenmanurewasincreasedby12．46％thanthatundertheconditionofcleantillage．Andthequalitywasalsoo

7、bservedtobeimproved．Comprehensively，itWassuggestedthatrepens．LmultiflorumandLperennearemoresuitabletobeinterplantedunderyieldinghickoryforest．Keywords：yieldinghickoryforest；greenmanure；interplantation；efectFirstauthor’Saddre