专业外语_英语

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1、专业外语_英语有机化学、药理学、生物化学及分子生物学，硕士研究生论文写作与阅读（不含听说）学位课，考试16学时，五次课，一次考试课程安排讲授OutlineCentralmessageFirstdraftTitle,abstractIntroductionResultsanddiscussionMethodsandmaterialTable,figure,option,etcReference练习与讨论EightStepstoDevelopinganEffectiveOutlinePreparinganoutlineisthemostimp

2、ortantstepintheprocessofproducingamanuscriptforpublicationinajournal.Theoutlinebearsroughlythesamerelationtothefinalmanuscriptasanarchitecturalblueprintdoestoafinishedhouse.Itspurposeofanoutlineistodividethewritingoftheentirepaperintoanumberofsmallertasks.Agoodoutlinewill

3、organizethevarioustopicsandargumentsinlogicalform.byorderingthetopicsyouwillidentify,beforewritingthemanuscript,anygapsthatmightexist.EightStepstoDevelopinganEffectiveOutlineThereisnosinglebestwaytoprepareascientificmanuscript,exceptasdeterminedbytheindividualwriterandthe

4、circumstances.Youshouldknowyourownstyleofwritingbest.Whateveryoudecidetodo,youshouldfollowatleastthesestepsbeforebeginningtowriteyourmanuscript.Remember,atthisstage,youareonlyconstructinganoutline.Youarenotwriting;youjustneedtoputdownsomenotestoguideyourthinking.1.Develop

5、acentralmessageofthemanuscriptPrepareacentralmessagesentence(20-25words).Ifyouwereaskedtosummarizeyourpaperinonesentence,whatwouldyousay?Everythinginthemanuscriptwillbewrittentosupportthiscentralmessage.2.DefinethematerialsandmethodsBrieflystatethepopulationinwhichyouwork

6、ed,thesamplingmethodyouemployed,thematerialsyouused,andmostimportantly,themethodsyouusedtocarryoutthestudy3.Summarizethequestion(s)andproblem(s)Whatwasknownbeforeyoustartedthestudy?Whatanswerswereneededtoaddresstheproblem(s)?Listthekeypointspertainingtothequestion(s)andpr

7、oblem(s).Whatdidyoudotoanswerthequestion(s)?4.DefinetheprincipalfindingsandresultsYourcentralmessagesentenceprobablyencapsulatesthemostimportantfindings.Theremaybeothersthatyoufeeloughttobeincluded.Listtheseinnoteform.Don'tworryabouttheorderorabouthowmanyyouputdown.5.Desc

8、ribetheconclusionsandimplicationsMakebriefnotesoneachoftheimplicationsthatarisefromyourstudy.Wha