地震液化判别及危害性评价_邱亚兵

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1、第36卷第3期地震工程学报Vol．36No．32014年9月CHINAEAＲTHQUAKEENGINEEＲINGJOUＲNALSept．，2014地震液化判别及危害性评价①1，21，2邱亚兵，朱晟(1．河海大学水文水资源与水利水电工程科学国家重点实验室，江苏南京210098;2．河海大学水电学院，江苏南京210098)摘要:饱和砂土地震液化有可能诱发极为严重的破坏，已成为土动力学领域的重要研究课题之一。对液化的判别分为初判和复判。初判指根据已有的勘测资料或简单的测试手段，初步判别土层的液化可能。对于初判可能发生地震液化的土层，则再进行复

2、判。鉴于土层液化的影响因素较多，我国规范建议采取经验方法，即标准贯入法，静力触探法，剪切波速法。单一判别方法都有局限性和适用范围，宜用各种方法综合判别。液化危害性评价使用危害性指标，分析液化对建筑物的危害程度。评价方法主要有液化指数法，震陷值法，谱强度比法和综合法。以评价指标为依据，划分液化影响的综合等级，全面反映液化危害程度。关键词:地震液化;初判;复判;液化指数;震陷值;谱强度比;危害性评价中图分类号:P315．9文献标志码:A文章编号:1000－0844(2014)03－0555－07DOI:10．3969/j．issn．1000

3、－0844．2014．03．0555DeterminationandHazardEvaluationofSeismicLiquefaction1，21，2QIUYa-bing，ZHUSheng(1．StateKeyLaboratoryofHydrology-WaterＲesourcesandHydraulicEngineering，HohaiUniversity，Nanjing，Jiangsu210098，China;2．CollegeofHydraulic，HohaiUniversity，Nanjing，Jiangsu210098，C

4、hina)Abstract:Earthquakeliquefactionofsaturatedsandysoilsmayinduceseveredamage，andthisissuehasbecomeanimportantresearchtopicinthefieldofsoildynamics．Tojudgethepotentialforearthquakeliq-uefactionandtoevaluateliquefactionhazardscanleadtobettercontrolandpredictionofliquefac

5、tion．Liq-uefactiondiscriminationmaybeconsideredfirstbymakingapreliminaryjudgment．Preliminaryjudgment，accordingtoavailablesurveydataorasimpletestingmethod，mayprovideadeterminationoftheinitiallevelofsoilliquefaction．Furtherdiscriminationisnecessaryforsoillayerswhereearthqu

6、akeliquefactionmayoccur，asdeterminedbythepreliminaryjudgment．Sincetherearemanyfactorsaffectingsoillique-faction，werecommendanempiricalmethodthatincludesthestandardpenetrationtest，thestaticconepenetration(staticsounding)test，andtheshearwavevelocitymethod．Thesinglediscrimi

7、nationmethodhaslimitationsinitsscopeofapplication;therefore，acombinationofvariousmethodsismorereliable．Liquefactionhazardevaluationadoptsaharmfulnessindextoanalyzethedegreeofharmcausedtobuild-ingsbyliquefaction．Evaluationmethodsmainlyincludetheliquefactionindexmethod，the

8、seismicsettle-mentvaluemethod，thespectrumintensityratiomethod，andthesyntheticmethod．Basedontheevaluatio