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1、Thedispersalcapacitiesemergingwithglobalizationandtelematicsledmanyobserverstoassertthatcitieswouldbecomeobsolete.Indeed,manyoftheonce-greatindustrialcentresinthehighlydevelopedcountriesdidsufferseveredecline.Theoff-shoringfofactories,theexpansionofglobalnetworksofaffiliatesandsubsi
2、diaries,themoveofbackofficestosuburbsandoutofcentralcitiesalsolefttheirmarkonthemoreservice-centredcities.Butagainstallpredictions,asignificantnumberofmajorcitiesalsosawtheirconcentrationofeconomicpowerrise.Whilethedeclineofindustrialcentresasaconsequenceoftheinternationalizationofp
3、roductionbeginninginthe1960shasbeenthoroughlydocumentedandexplained,untilrecentlythesamecouldnotbesaidabouttheriseofmajorservicecitiesinthe1980s.Todaywehavearichnewscholarship,repletewithdebatesanddisagreements,oncitiesinaglobaleconomy.Whatexplainstheneworsharplyexpandedroleofaparti
4、cularkindofcityintheworldeconomysincetheearly1980s?Itbasicallyresultsfromtheintersectionoftwomajorprocesses.Oneisthesharpgrowthoftheglobalizationofeconomicactivity,particularlysomeveryspecificfeaturesofitsimplementationwhichhavereceivedfarlessattentionthanthedispersalaspects.Itisafa
5、ctthatglobalizationhasraisedthescaleandthecomplexityofeconomictransactions,therebyfeedingthegrowthofservicesforfirms,particularlyadvancedcorporateservices.Thesecondisthegrowingserviceintensityintheorganizationoftheeconomy,aprocessevidentinfirmsinallindustrialsectors,fromminingtofina
6、nce.Thekeyprocessfromtheperspectiveoftheurbaneconomyisthegrowingdemandforservicesbyfirmsinallindustriesandthefactthatcitiesarepreferredproductionsitesforsuchservices,whetherattheglobal,nationalorregionallevel.Thegrowingserviceintensityineconomicorganizationgenerallyandthespecificcon
7、ditionsofproductionforadvancedcorporateservices,includingtheconditionsunderwhichinformationtechnologiesareavailable,combinetomakemanycitiesonceagainkey‘production’sites,rolestheyhadlostwhenmassmanufacturingbecamethedominanteconomicsector.Thatistosay,thestrategicspaceformassmanufactu
8、ringisthelarge,vert
