Domain modelling and NLP Formal Ontologies Lexica Or a Bit of Both

《Domain modelling and NLP Formal Ontologies Lexica Or a Bit of Both》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、DomainmodellingandNLP:FormalOntologies?Lexica?OraBitofBoth?MassimoPoesioUniversityofEssexLanguageandComputationGroupJune13,2005AbstractThereareanumberofgenuinelyopenquestionsconcerningtheuseofdomainmodelsinnlp.ItwouldbegreatifcontributorstoAppliedOntologycouldhelpaddre

2、ssingthemratherthanaddingtoanalreadylongpolemicalliterature...1Empiricistsvs.FormalistsAllOverAgain?Invirtuallyeveryworkshoponontologies,terminology,orlexicalacquisitionIattendedinthelastyearsatnlpeventsIfoundmyselfwatching(orgettinginvolvedin)fiercedebatesastowhichappr

3、oachtodomaincategorizationis‘best’:designingaclean,elegantontologywithaclearsemanticsandbasedonsoundphilosophicalprinciplesand/orscientificevidence;orrelyingonevidencefrompsychologyandcorpora,andonmachinelearningtechniques,toacquire(automatically,asfaraspossible)adomain

4、structurethatinmostcaseswillberathermessy.(Theoppositesidesoftheargumentarepresentedin(Wilks,2002)and(Smith,2004).)Arewebacktothebadolddaysofthe‘neat’vs‘fuzzy’debate?Afightbetweenformalistsandempiricistsforthesoulofdomainmodelling?Inthisarticle,Iwillsummarizeacomputatio

5、nallinguist’sviewoftheissuesinvolved,andsuggestwaysinwhichthedebatecouldbecomemoreconstructive.2ABitofHistoryCategorizingtheworldhasbeenafavouritesportofphilosopherseversinceAristotle,buttheinterestoftheaicommunityincategoriesstartedwiththeworkonsemanticnetworksbyQuill

6、ian(1968),andthesubsequentproposalsbyMinskyonframe-basedrepresentations(1975).1Theseproposalsintroduceda1Itmightbeworthnotingthattheinspirationforthisworkwasprimarilypsychological:tomodelassociativememoryinhumans.1veryintuitivewayofrepresentingknowledgethatallowedaneas

7、yandefficientimplementationofinferencessuchasinheritanceandsimilaritybymeansoftreetraversalalgorithmslikespreadingactivation.Forthenlpcommunity,domainontologiesencodedbysemanticnetworksquicklybecamethesolutiontoallproblemsinnaturallanguageinterpretationthatseemedtorequir

8、eaninteractionwithsemantics,rangingfromexploitingselectionalrestrictionstoguideparsing(inexamplessuchasBillsawamanwit