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1、Whatshouldwedoinanearthquake? 刚刚发生的汶川强震让大家心里都对地震又恨又怕。虽然天灾我们无法控制，但我们可以做好应对措施，这样就可以尽可能的减少伤亡。Anearthquakeisatremoroftheearth'ssurfaceusuallytriggeredbythereleaseofundergroundstressalongfaultlines.Thisreleasecausesmovementinmassesofrockandresultingshockwaves.Inspi
2、teofextensiveresearchandsophisticatedequipment,itisimpossibletopredictanearthquake,althoughexpertscanestimatethelikelihoodofanearthquakeoccurringinaparticularregion.In1935,Americanseismologist(地震学家)CharlesRichterdevelopedascalethatmeasuresthemagnitudeofseismicwa
3、ves.CalledtheRichterscale,itratesearthtremorsonascalefrom1to9,with9beingthemostpowerfulandeachnumberrepresentinganincreaseoftentimestheenergyoverthepreviousnumber.Accordingtothisscale,anyquakethatishigherthan4.5cancausedamagetostonebuildings;quakesratedamagnitud
4、eof7andaboveareconsideredverysevere.Aless-knownscale,theMercalliscale(麦氏震级),wasdevisedbyItalianseismologistGiuseppeMercallitomeasuretheseverityofanearthquakeintermsofitsimpactonaparticularareaanditsinhabitantsandbuildings.Someearthquakesaretoosmalltobefeltbutcan
5、causemovementoftheearth,openingupholesanddisplacingrocks.Shockwavesfromaverypowerfulearthquakecantriggersmallerquakeshundredsofmilesawayfromtheepicenter.Approximately1,000earthquakesmeasuring5.0andaboveoccuryearly.Earthquakesofthegreatestintensityhappenaboutonce
6、ayearandmajorearthquakes(7.0-7.9)occurabout18timesayear.Strongearthquakes(6.0-6.9)occurabout10timesamonthandmoderateearthquakes(5.0-5.9)happenmorethantwicedaily.Mostearthquakesarenotevennoticedbythegeneralpublic,sincetheyhappeneitherundertheoceanorinunpopulateda
7、reas.Sometimesanearthquakeundertheoceancanbesosevere,itwillcauseatsunami,responsibleforfargreaterdamage.Thegreatestdangerofanearthquakecomesfromfallingbuildingsandstructuresandflyingglass,stonesandotherobjects.Ifyouliveinanearthquake-pronearea,herearesomestepsth
8、atcanbetakentominimizerisks:如何应对地震：Affixbookcases,cabinets,refrigeratorsandfurnituretothewalls.将书架、橱柜、冰箱和家具固定在墙上。CaliforniaandJapansellsiliconeputtykitsthatcanbeusedt
