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1、HowtoWriteanAbstractWhatisanabstract?Anabstractisabrief,accurate,andcomprehensivesummaryofthecontentsofthearticlewithoutaddedinterpretationorcriticism.Awell-writtenabstractwillmakethereaderwanttolearnmoreaboutyourresearch,readyourpaper,orattendyourpresentation.Abstractsalsoserveasasummaryofther
2、esearchsothepapercanbecategorizedandsearchedbysubjectandkeywords.Therearedifferentwaystosummarizeresearchesinvariousfieldsinthearts,sciences,humanities,socialsciences,naturalsciences,andengineering.Howdoesanabstractappealtosuchabroadaudience?Theaudienceforthisabstractcoversthebroadestpossiblesc
3、ope--fromexperttolayperson.Youneedtofindacomfortablebalancebetweenwritinganabstractthatbothshowsyourknowledgeandyetisstillcomprehensible--withsomeeffort--bylaymembersoftheaudience.Limittheamountoftechnicallanguageyouuseandexplainitwherepossible.Alwaysusethefulltermbeforeyourefertoitbyacronym.Re
4、memberthatyouareyourselfanexpertinthefieldthatyouarewritingabout--don'ttakeforgrantedthatthereaderwillshareyourinsiderknowledge.Evenifyougetusedtopresentingideastopeoplewhospeakyour“language,”it’sunlikelythatwhenitcomestimetogetfundingorpublish,youwillneedtospeakbeyondthosedisciplinaryboundarie
5、s.Whatshouldtheabstractinclude?1.MotivationorStatementofProblem:Whydowecareabouttheproblemandtheresults?Whatproblemareyoutryingtosolve?Thissectionshouldincludetheimportanceofyourwork,thedifficultyofthearea,andtheimpactitmighthaveifsuccessful.2.MethodsorApproach:Whatdidyouactuallydotogetyourresu
6、lts?Didyouanalyzethreeplays,interview125students,writeamemoir,inventamorepowerfulphotovoltaiccell,ortranslateabook?Didyouapproachyoursubjectusingaspecifictheoreticalframework,technicalprocedure,ormethodology?3.ResultsorProduct:Asaresultofcompletingtheaboveprocedureorinvestigation,whatdidyoulear
7、n,create,orinvent?4.ConclusionsorImplications:Whataretheimplicationsofyouranswer?Telltothereaderifitisgoingtochangetheworld,beasignificantstepforwardorsimplyserveasaroadsignindicatingthatthispathisawasteoftime(alloftheresultsareus
