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1、1TheprincipallegalsystemsthatexistinvariousformsthroughouttheworldaretheRomano-Germanic[1Romano-Germanic:“Romano”isthecombiningform(构词成分)of“Roman”,whichtakesthisformwhenitispartofaword,egRomano-British.“Germanic”istheadjectiveformof“German”.]1(civillaw),commonlaw,socialist
2、law,andIslamiclaw.TheRomano-GermanicsystemspredominateinEurope,inmostoftheformercoloniesofFrance,Germany,Italy,Spain,Portugal,andBelgium,andincountriesthathavewesternizedtheirlegalsystemsinthenineteenthandtwentiethcenturies.Common-lawsystemsarepredominantinEnglish-speaking
3、countries.IslamicsystemsarefoundintheMiddleEastandsomeotherpartsoftheworldtowhichIslamicreligionhasspread.SocialistlegalsystemsprevailinthePeople’sRepublicofChina,Vietnam,Cuba,andNorthKorea.RemnantsofsocialistsystemsarestillfoundintheformerSovietUnionandEasternEuropeancoun
4、tries.1的主要法律制度中存在的各种形式在世界各地是Romano-Germanic[1Romano-Germanic:“罗马”是组合形式(构词成分)的“罗马”,以这种形式时,它是一个词的一部分,比如罗马时期。“日耳曼”是形容词形式的“德国”。)1(民法)、普通法、社会主义法律,和伊斯兰法律。Romano-Germanic系统在欧洲占主导地位,在大多数的法国前殖民地,德国,意大利,西班牙,葡萄牙,比利时,西化的国家他们在十九世纪和二十世纪的法律体系。普通法系统主要在讲英语的国家。伊斯兰系统被发现在中东和世界其他一些地区的伊斯兰宗教传播。社
5、会主义法律体系在中华人民共和国、越南、古巴和朝鲜。社会主义制度的残余仍在前苏联和东欧国家。Romano-GermanicSystemRomano-Germanic系统2TheRomano-Germanic,orcivil,lawreferstolegalsciencethathasdevelopedonthebasisofRomancivillaw.ThefoundationofthissystemisthecompilationofrulesmadeinthesixthcenturyA.D.undertheRomanemperorJust
6、inian[2RomanemperorJustinian:JustinianI(483-565),calledTheGreat,Byzantineemperor(527-65),whoextendedByzantinerule(Byzantine:拜占庭帝国的，即东罗马帝国的)intheWest,beautifiedConstantinople(present-dayIstanbul),andcompletedthecodificationofRomanlaw.HisfullnamewasFlaviusPetrusSabgatiusJust
7、inianus.ThenephewofEmperorJustinI,JustinianwasborninIllyriaandeducatedinConstantinople(nowIstanbul,Turkey).In518hebecametheadministratorforJustin,whonamedJustinianashissuccessor.HemarriedTheodora,aformeractress,in523.Onthedeathofhisunclein527,Justinianwaselectedemperor.]2.
8、TheyarecontainedintheCodeofJustinian[3CodeofJustinian:（查士丁尼法典）Inordertoruletheempireunder
