1、经济学人:感染病毒时进食感染细菌时禁食Science and technology: Medical treatment:Feed a virus, starve a bacterium科学与技术：医疗：感染病毒时进食，感染细菌时禁食An old wives’ tale gets some support from medicalscience.无稽之谈获医学证实。Whether it is best to feed a fever and starve a cold,or vice versa, varies with the grandparent being asked.要说是发烧时宜
2、吃，伤风时宜饿呢，还是反之为佳？不同的祖父母回答是不一样的。Medicine has decided that it is always a bad idea to deny food to the ill.医疗界已经判定，生病时拒绝进食总非良策。Now a new study suggests that by ignoring such old wives’ tales, medics may have missed atrick.现有一项新研究表明，若忽视这类无稽之谈，医疗人员可能会错过机会。A paper just published in Cell by a team of rese
3、archers led by Ruslan Medzhitov at YaleUniversity suggest that force-feeding mice infected with influenza keeps them alive—but doingthe same to mice with bacterial infections is fatal.由耶鲁大学鲁斯兰·麦哲托夫带领的团队近日在《细胞》上发表的研究表明，患有流感的老鼠受到强行喂食尚能活命，而对有细菌感染的老鼠却是致命的。Dr Medzhitov was inspired by experiments conduc
4、ted not by medics, but by zoologists.麦哲托夫博士受到动物学家(而非医生)所做的实验启发。Most animals instinctively respond to infection by cutting back on food, and a slew of studiesin recent years have shown that when diseased animals are force-fed they are more likely to diethan if they are allowed to abstain.大多数动物受到感染后，
5、会本能地减少进食，并且近年来大量研究表明，强制给生病的动物喂食比允许其抑制进食更易致死。But Dr Medzhitov wondered whether that held true for all types of disease.但麦哲托夫博士好奇这是否适用于各类疾病。To investigate, he and his team infected one group of mice with a murine influenza virus, andthe other with Listeria monocytogenes, a bacterium that causes food
6、poisoning.为了进一步调查，麦哲托夫博士和他的团队使一组老鼠感染流感病毒，另一组感染能引发食物中毒的李斯特菌。Some mice in each group were force-fed rodent chow, while others were force-fed nutrition-free saline.每组中，给一部分老鼠强迫喂食鼠类饲料，而给另一部分老鼠注射无营养的生理盐水。Every single mouse that was infected with the bacterium died if they were given food, but halfsurviv
7、ed on the saline.感染细菌又被强迫喂食物的老鼠全部死亡，而被注射生理盐水的老鼠存活率达到一半。The results of the viral infection were less stark, but still clear:77.8% of infected micesurvived if given food, but only 10% did so when given saline
