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时间:2019-06-16
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1、一.倒装定义:将某些句子成分移至句首而引起主语和谓语语序的颠倒,称为倒装(Inversion)。倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种。1.完全倒装结构:提前成分+谓语动词+主语1)将状语here,there前移,谓语动词一般为be,come,go。例如:Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.Herearesomeexamples.Herecomesthebus.思考:对比以上例子,我们是说Hereareyou吗?按照经验,我们是说Hereareyou还是Hereyouare。例如:Herehecomes.Aren’tyoulookingforyourbag?
2、Look,hereitis.2)表示位置转移的副词,如up,down,in,out,away,ahead移至句首。例如:Thedrivercouldn’tcontrolhiscaranddowncamethecar.IncomesMr.Smith.Downflewtheeagletoseizethechicken.思考:当主语为人称代词时,需要引起倒装吗?比较:AwaywentMr.Smith.Awaytheywent.Awaywentthey.Higherandhigheritflew.●当主语为人称代词时,不引起倒装。3)句首状语为表示地点或时间的介词词组例如:Inthece
3、ntreofthesquarestandsahighmonument.Oneithersideoftheroadwererowsofhouses.Onthebackwallhungahugeoilpainting.Afterthebanquetcameafireworkdisplayinthegarden.比较:Inthemorningstudentsareusuallyverybusy.Inthemorningarestudentsusuallyverybusy.Inthischapterwillbefoundasatisfactoryanswer.Inthischaptera
4、satisfactoryanswerwillbefound.思考:你认为以上句子哪几句正确?说明:◆谓语是及物动词或由“be+表语”构成时不用倒装形式:Atthetopofthetowershecouldseethewholecity.◆谓语是及物动词的被动语态可以用倒桩形式:Tothelistmaybeaddedthefollowingnames.4)分词结构位于句首例如:Seatedonthegrassareagroupofstudents.Lyingaboutonthefloorarebooksandmagazines.5)用于so,nor,neither开头的句子前句是肯
5、定句,重复前句内容用so,前句是否定句,重复前句内容用neither或nor。▲倒装结构中的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式一致。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.LiWeican’tanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.比较:ZhangPingisatopstudentinourclass.Soheis./SoamI.区别是什么?(答案本讲义中有)思考:Zhangisatopstudentinourclassandhealsodoessportseverydaytokeepfit.怎么回应表示“我也是”?1.部分倒装结构:提前成分+情态动词
6、/助动词+主语+(主要动词)1)句首为含有否定意义的副词如:never,little,seldom,rarely,not,hardly。例句:Littledoeshecarefordress.Hardlydidheknowthatthepolicewereafterhim.NevershallIdothisagain.Notsimplyisthisbookinteresting,butalsoinstructive.当not…only位于句首时,notonly部分引起部分倒装。注意butalso部分不引起倒装。【练习】:Hecouldnotonlydrivebutalsoheco
7、uldrideahorse.Henotonlypraisedthestudentsbutalsohegavethemabigreward.2)在so…that的结果状语从句中,so位于句首。Sohotwastheweatherthatwecouldn’tsleepindoors.Soloudlydidheshoutthatallthepeopleintheroomgotafright.3)so作替代词表示与上文提到的情况一样:HersonhasgonetoBritainforfu
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