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1、第16卷第1期草地学报2008年1月Vol.16No.1ACTAAGRESTIASINICAJan.2008·特邀专稿·分类、聚类与草原类型任继周(兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃草原生态研究所,甘肃兰州730020)摘要:本文阐明分类与聚类在草原分类中同等重要。据此建立的草原综合顺序分类系统(IOCSG)应遵循6项原则,即草原分类要素的完整性原则、草原分类体系内涵的综合性原则、草原分类指标的相对稳定性原则、草原分类同级指标的可比性原则、草原分类特征指标的确限性原则和草原分类体系普适的周延性原则。该分类系统含有类(以
2、地带性水热特征为指标)、亚类(以土地特征为指标)和型(以植被特征为指标)3个基本级别;7个热量级和6个湿润度级。依据本分类系统全球天然草原分为42类,中国有41类。本分类系统在生物种适宜度计算、全球变化对草原类型演替方向的预测、草坪引种等方面进行了论证。该文阐明了草原类型学对草业科学的基础理论意义和实践意义。关键词:草原类型;分类;聚类中图分类号:S812文献标识码:A文章编号:1007-0435(2008)01-0004-07ClassficationandClusterApplicableforGrasslan
3、dTypeRENJi-zhou(CollegeofPastoralAgriculturalScienceandTechnology,LanzhouUniversity,GansuGrasslandEcologicalInstiture,LanzhouGansuProvince730020,China)Abstract:Theclassifyingandclusteringareequallyimportantingrasslandclassification,basedonthistheideatheIntegra
4、tedOrderlyClassificationSystemofGrassland(IOCSG)hasbeensetupandfollowsixprinciples,namely,theFrameworkforagrasslandclassificationsystem,Comprehensivenessofagrass-landclassificationsystem,Relativestabilityofparametersusedingrasslandclassification,Comparabilityo
5、fparameterstabilityatagivenlevelofclassification,Definitivepowerofparametersingrasslandclassifi-cationandUniversalityofagrasslandclassificationsystem.TheIOCSGcontainsthreemainlevels.`Class',categorieswithmoistureandtemperatureastheirindex;`sub-class',categorie
6、scharacterizedbytheiredaphicconditionsand`types',classifiedaccordingtotheirvegetationconditions.TheIOCSGalsocontainsseventhermalranksandsixhumiditygrades.AccordingtotheIOCSG42classesofnaturalgrass-landsmaybeidentifiedgloballyand41ofthempresentinChina.Theauthor
7、salsoinvestigatedtheIOCSGpracticalvaluesindealingwithdeterminingthehabitatadaptiveofspecies,predictionofevolutiondirectionofgrasslandsuccessionduetoglobalchangesandturfspeciesintroduction.Thepaperfurtherenforcesthesignificantinfluencesofthegrasslandclassificat
8、ionresearchonthegrasslandsciencesintheirfundamentalsandpractice.Keywords:Grasslandtype;Classfication;Cluster草原类型学是草业科学基础理论的综合体现,草原类型当然离不开草原分类,因此我常常称也是生产规划的依据。中国的草业科学家对此作了为草原分类学,正如植
