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1、Niagara:ScalableLoadBalancingonCommoditySwitchesNanxiKang1,MoniaGhobadi2,JohnReumann2,AlexanderShraer2,andJenniferRexford11PrincetonUniversity2GoogleABSTRACTTheemergenceofopeninterfacestonetworkswitches[9,10]suggestsanattractivemiddleground—implementingInternetserviceprovidersrelyo
2、nloadbalancerstodis-loadbalancingdirectlyonthenetworkdevices.Theswitchtributeclientrequestsformanywebservicesoverbackendchipsetsincommodityhardwareswitchesareoptimizedservers.Dedicatedload-balancerappliancesareexpensiveforhigh-speedpacketprocessingatreasonablepowerandanddonotscalee
3、asilywithtrafficdemand.Instead,fu-cost[10],andmodernsoftwareswitchesleveragesupporttureloadbalancersshouldbebuiltfromsmallercommod-inthekernelandnetworkinterfacecardstoachievegooditycomponents.Ratherthanrelyexclusivelyonspecial-throughputwithlargeruletables[11,12].Whilecommod-purpos
4、eload-balancingsoftware,wearguethatdatacen-ityswitchescannotsupportallload-balancingfeatures(e.g.,terswitchesshouldbeprogrammedtoperformmostofthematchingonURLsorCookiesinapplication-layermes-load-balancingfunction.Commodityswitchesofferhigh-sages),theyareagreatfitforthecommontaskofd
5、is-speedpacketprocessing,aswellasflexibleinterfacesfortributingtrafficbyIPaddressesandTCP/UDPportnumbers.installingrulesthatforwardpackets.However,hardwareImplementingloadbalancingontheswitcheswouldallowswitcheshavesmallruletables,andsoftwareswitchesdonotprovidersto“ridethewave”ofadv
6、ancesinswitchperfor-forwardpacketsathighspeeds.OurNiagaraload-balancingmance,withouttheneedtoprovisionadditionalequipmentarchitecturecombinestheper-packetperformanceofhard-orcreateandoptimizeacustomsoftwaresolution.wareandthelargerule-spaceofsoftwareswitches.TheUnfortunately,existi
7、ngswitch-basedload-balancingsolu-hardwareswitchesapproximatetheload-balancingweightstions[13,14]donotscaletohandlealargenumberofser-foreachservice,andthesoftwareswitchescorrectforsmallvices,eachwithmanybackendservers.Aload-balancerap-errorsintheapproximationandensureconnectionaffini
8、typlicationcoulddirectthefi
