堆肥的养分淋溶特征与其在草坪上的应用分析

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1、饶雄飞：堆肥的养分淋溶特征及其在草坪上的应用研究土壤有效锌的含量有显著提高，当施肥量高于40t／hm2时中层土壤有效锌的含量也有一定增加，表明施用堆肥可提高土壤中的交换态锌含量；O-20cm土层有效铁呈升高趋势，从11．2mg／kg上升到14．7mg／kg，20cm以下土层有效铁变化趋势不明显，均在11．1．12．1mg／kg之间，说明施用堆肥能提高上层土壤有效铁含量；有效锰变化不显著。综上结果可见，施用堆肥能使氮、磷等营养元素在土壤表层大量积聚，提高土壤肥力，促进高羊茅的生长，还能使土壤中有效铜、锌等微量元素发生形态上的变化，但是堆肥的施用同时会伴随大量的氮、钾等营养元素流失，磷在土壤中

2、的大量积聚，对土壤及地下水环境造成威胁。关键词：堆肥，淋溶，养分，高羊茅2兰主查些盔堂!!坚堡婴主兰些笙奎一ABSTRACTCompostisameanswhichusingorganicwasteintostablehumusbybiochemistrytransition,intheprocess,aerobicandanaerobicbiochemistrytransitiontakesplace．Compostwasmuchaccountedofamanygoodexcellences，forexample，improvingsoilproperties．10wcost,all—a

3、roundnutrientsandsOon．Thecomposthasalwaysbeenpaidgreatattentiontobecauseithasagreatdealofadvantages．Butusingcompostcanmakedifferentinfluencetosoilenvironmentunderdifferentexternalconditionasusingchemicalfertilizer．Themethodsofblowinginsealedflowforsoilcolumnsimulationfornutrientleachingandfieldplo

4、texperimentsweredesignedtostudytheleachingcharacterofcompostinthesoil，aswellastheirinfluenceonfieldsoilquafityandcropsgrowing,inordertoprovidetheoreticalfoundationfortherationalusingofbiologicalorganicfertilizer．Themainresultsofthestudyareasfollows：1．Festucaarundinacea’Sheightandbiomassincreasedap

5、parentlyafterusingcompost．Comparedwithnocompostgroup，itcouldbethereasonthatthehumuscontributeallsortsofnutrienttothesoil．2，Astheusingofcompostquantityincreasing,thetotalnitrogenconcentrationsinthesoilsolutionenhance．Whenthequantityachieves60t／hlll2，thetrendisweaken．Theresultindicate，toadoptreasona

6、blefertilization，notonlyspeedupthegrowthofFcstucaarundinacea，butalsoreducethenitrogenlosing．Itwassignificanttoanalyzethenitrogenlosingfromfarmland．3．ThesoilcolumnleachingexperimentresultsshowedthattheamountofN，PandKeluviationincreasedwiththeriseofcompostapplicationanaount．ThelossoftotalNmainlyconc

7、entratedinthebottomlayerofthesoilandconcentrationoftotalNintheleachatecouldreach350tug'l"1intheexperiment．TheprocessofPreleaseswasveryslowandthediscrepancyofeachelucidationwasnotobvious．ThelossofPmainlyconcentrat