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1、第一讲PeriodsofAmericanLiterature1607—1775theColonialPeriod1765—1790theRevolutionaryAge1775—1865theearlynationalperiodandtheRomanticPeriod1865—1914theRealisticPeriod1900—1914theNaturalisticperiod1914—1939theModernperiod1939---thecontemporaryperiodTheColoni
2、alPeriodFromthefoundingofthefirstsettlementatJamestown,Virginia,totheoutbreakoftheAmericanRevolutionHistoricalbackgroundTheReformationinEurope→mostofthefoundingfatherswerepuritans→theAmericanPuritanismbecameoneofthemostenduringshapinginfluenceswhatisAme
3、ricanPuritanism?HowdoesitinfluenceAmericanliterature?AmericanPuritanismAcodeofvalues,aphilosophyoflife,orasetoftenetsofTheAmericanpuritansTheywereidealistsbelievingthattheirchiefbusinesstoseethatmanlivedandthoughtandactedinawaywhichtendedtothegloryofGod
4、.Theyacceptedthedoctrineofpredestination,originalsinandtotaldepravity,andlimitedatonement(orthesalvationofaselectedfew)throughirresistiblegraceofGod.Ontheotherhand,theywerepracticalidealists,ordoctrinaireopportunists.Theyfelttheywereexilesunderthegraceo
5、fGodtoestablishaparadiseinthenewworld,yettheharshrealityforcedthemtobuildawayoflifethatstressedhardwork,thrift,piety,andsobriety.TheinfluencesonAmericanliteratureOptimism:Anglo-Americanliterature,basedontheBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEden,isaliteraryexpres
6、sionofthepiousidealismofthePuritanbequest.Firedwithasenseofmission,theydreamedofbuildinganewEdeninAmerica,whichledtotheemergenceofAmericandreaminliterature.Literarysymbolism:Puritan’smetaphoricalmodeofperceptionhelpedtodevelopliterarysymbolismastheysawt
7、hephysical,phenomenalworldwasnothingbutasymbolofGod.Hencesymbolismasatechniquewasacommonpractice.TheliterarysceneinColonialAmericanHumbleorigins:histories,travelaccounts,diaries,letters,sermons,biographies,autobiographies,commonplacebooks,andpoemstoreco
8、rdtheirexperiencesandexpresstheirviewsandfeelings.Literatureofdiscovery,ofpuritanexpansion,andofGodWilliamBradford(1590-1657)OfPlymouthPlantationJohnSmith(1580-1631)ADescriptionofNewEnglandAnneBradstreet(1612-1672“theTenthMuse”)P
