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1、EthicswithoutOntologyETHICSwithoutONTOLOGYHilaryPutnamHarvardUniversityPressCambridge,MassachusettsLondon,EnglandCopyright©2004bythePresidentandFellowsofHarvardCollegeAllrightsreservedPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaFirstHarvardUniversityPresspaperbackedition,2005Libr
2、aryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataPutnam,Hilary.Ethicswithoutontology/HilaryPutnam.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-674-01310-7(cloth:alk.paper)ISBN0-674-01851-6(pbk.)1.Ethics.2.Ontology.I.Title.B945.P873E842004191–dc222003057117Tothememoryo
3、fmymother,RivaPutnamAcknowledgmentsACKNOWLEDGMENTSPartIofthisbookwaspresentedasaseriesoffourHermeslectures(ofthesametitle:“EthicswithoutOntology”)attheUniversityofPerugia,inOctober2001.Theideaofmygiv-ingthemwasªrstraisedinMay2000byGiancarloMarchetti,AntonioPieretti,and
4、CarloVinti.Ionceagainthankthemwarmly,notonlyfortheopportunitytolectureonmycurrentinterests,butalsoforintroducingmeto“thegreenheartofItaly,”thebeautifulprovinceofUmbria,andforthewonderfulhospitalitythateverymemberoftheDe-partmentofPhilosophyshowedme.IalsowanttothankGemm
5、aCorradi-Fiumaraforchairingoneofmylectures,andforcompanionship(includingtheintellectualstimula-tionIfoundinreadingherfascinatingphilosophicalandpsychoanalyticstudyTheMind’sAffectiveLife);Iamgratefulaswelltothestudentwhodidsomuchtomakeourtriprunsmoothlyandpleasantly,Mar
6、coBastianelli,towhomRuthAnnaandIwishasuccessfulcareerinphilosophy.Inthespringofthatsameyear(2001),IwasBaruchdeSpinozaVisitingProfessorintheDepartmentofPhilosophyviiiACKNOWLEDGMENTSattheUniversityofAmsterdam,andmySpinozaLectures,“EnlightenmentandPragmatism,”formPartIIof
7、thisbook.MypredecessorintheSpinozaChair,mygoodfriendSeylaBenhabib,wroteintheprefacetoherSpinozaLectures,“Itwasaspecialhonorforme,aSephardicJew,asSpinozawas,toholdtheselecturesundertheauspicesofaSpinozachairinhisname.”IamanAshkenaziJew,notaSephardicone,butIunderstandver
8、ywellwhatshemeant.AlthoughmylecturesarenotaboutSpinoza,theircentralquestion—whatenlightenmentmeans—isonethatwascloset
