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1、动词的第三人称单数的单数及发音规则:1.一般直接在此为加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/,ds读/dz/,ts读/ts如helphelps/s/knowknows/z/getgets/s/readreads/z/2.以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es,-es读/iz/,如guessguessesfixfixesteachteacheswashwashes注意:gogoes/z/dodoes/z/3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/carrycarriesfl
2、yflies注意:在play---plays,say----says中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后加-s4.特俗词例外5.be动词的第三人称单数分别为am,is,are,have则为has注意:以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是/s/,/z/,加-s后,字母”e”发音,与所加-s一起读作/iz/,如closecloses/iz/动词的ing变化规则:1.一般情况直接加ing,如look—lookinggo---goingvisit---visiting2.以不发音的e结尾的,去e再加ing,如com
3、e---comingmake---makingwrite---writing3.以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的,双写该辅音字母,再加ing,如run---runningstop---stoppingget---gettingswim---swimmingbegin---beginning4.以辅音字母加y结尾的,直接加ing,如study---studyingcarry---carryingfly---flyingcry---crying5.以ie结尾的重度开音节动词,先变ie为y,再加ing,如die---dyingti
4、e---tyinglie---lying动词的过去式变化规则:1.规则变化(1)一般直接在动词后加ed,-ed在清辅音后读/t/,在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/,如call---calledopen---openedlook---lookedwant---wanted/id/need---needed/id/(2)以不发音的“e”结尾的,直接加-d,如live---livedmove---movedhope---hoped(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed,(注意:如果是元音字母加y
5、结尾的,还是直接加-ed,如,play---played,enjoy---enjoyed)如study---studiedcry---criedtry---tried(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed,如plan---plannedfit---fittedstop---stopped2.不规则变化(要特俗记忆),以下是一些常见的动词的过去式am,is-wasare-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-wentcome-cameh
6、ave/has-hadeat-ate,take-tookrun-ranput-putmake-maderead-readwrite-wrotedraw-drewdrink-drankfly-flewride-rodespeak-spokesweep-sweptswim-swamsit-sat hear- heard sleep-slept let-letblow-blew hurt-hurt speak-spokebuy-bought keep-kept swim-swameat-atecatch-caught kn
7、ow-knew stand-stoodchoose-chose lie-layleave-left draw-drew teach–taughtdrink-drank make- made tell-told think-thought mean-meant feel-feltdrive-drove meet-met write–wrote find-found fly-flew forget-forgot ring-rang see-saw ride-rode grow-grew sing-sang
8、/sung begin-began learn-learned/learnt可数名词变复数的规则:1.规则变化:(1)一般情况下,在词尾加-s,如book---booksboy---boys(2)以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加