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1、Apericyteoriginofspinalcordscartissue.GöritzC,DiasDO,TomilinN,BarbacidM,ShupliakovO,FrisénJ.SourceDepartmentofCellandMolecularBiology,KarolinskaInstitute,Stockholm,Sweden.AbstractThereislimitedregenerationoflosttissueaftercentralnervoussysteminjury,and
2、thelesionissealedwithascar.Theroleofthescar,whichoftenisreferredtoastheglialscarbecauseofitsabundanceofastrocytes,iscomplexandhasbeendiscussedformorethanacentury.Hereweshowthataspecificpericytesubtypegivesrisetoscar-formingstromalcells,whichoutnumberas
3、trocytes,intheinjuredspinalcord.Blockingthegenerationofprogenybythispericytesubtyperesultsinfailuretosealtheinjuredtissue.Theformationofconnectivetissueiscommontomanyinjuriesandpathologies,andherewedemonstrateacellularoriginoffibrosis.Hepaticstellatece
4、llsandastrocytes:Starsofscarformationandtissuerepair.SchachtrupC,LeMoanN,PassinoMA,AkassoglouK.SourceUniversityofCaliforniaatSanFrancisco,SanFrancisco,CA,USA.AbstractScarformationinhibitstissuerepairandregenerationintheliverandcentralnervoussystem.Acti
5、vationofhepaticstellatecells(HSCs)afterliverinjuryorofastrocytesafternervoussystemdamageisconsideredtodrivescarformation.HSCsarethefibroticcellsoftheliver,astheyundergoactivationandacquirefibrogenicpropertiesafterliverinjury.HSCactivationhasbeencompare
6、dtoreactivegliosisofastrocytes,whichacquireareactivephenotypeandcontributetoscarformationafternervoussysteminjury,muchlikeHSCsafterliverinjury.Itisintriguingthatawiderangeofneuroglia-relatedmoleculesareexpressedbyHSCs.Weidentifiedanunexpectedroleforthe
7、p75neurotrophinreceptorinregulatingHSCactivationandliverrepair.HerewediscussthemolecularmechanismsthatregulateHSCactivationandreactivegliosisandtheircontributionstoscarformationandtissuerepair.JuxtaposingkeymechanisticandfunctionalsimilaritiesinHSCanda
8、strocyteactivationmightprovidenovelinsightintoliverregenerationandnervoussystemrepair.PMID:21555919[PubMed-inprocess]PMCID:PMC3142460[Availableon2012/6/1]TheunusualresponseofserotonergicneuronsafterCNSInjury:lackofaxonaldiebackandenhanc
